Study On Urban Development Efficiency In Bohai Rim Based On Non-expected Output

City as a complex system of economic society,resources and environment,it's a concentrated area of political,economic,cultural power,and its radiation is affecting the overall development of the region.At present our country is in the period of the new norm of economic development of our country,urbanization also entered the superposition period of urbanization acceleration and urban disease onset phase.The water resources,land resources and energy resources of the city are insufficient and the ecological environment problem is becoming more and more serious.China's 13 th five-year plan put forward "dual control action of energy and water resource consumption,construction land,etc." The extensive mode of urban development should be changed fundamentally,scientific and rational allocation of urban resources,and the efficiency of urban resource utilization is imperative.City as a composite system with input and output,how to evaluate the degree of efficient allocation of resources,and assessing the efficiency of urban development is of great significance to the reasonable management and the realization of sustainable development of the city.Bohai Rim is industrial concentration,with heavy chemical industries,large energy consumption,high population agglomeration degree and water shortages,combining with the accelerated development of industrialization and urbanization in recent years,the resource shortage,environment pollution problem have been growing,so solving the contradictory about urban resources and reasonable measurement of urban development efficiency are the key to the implementation of the plan for the development of collaborative and strengthen economic cooperation around Bohai area,to promote the sustainable development of regional coordination problems.This paper first reviewed the related research about urban development efficiency,then analyzed the latest theoretical research progress in the world and summarized the connotation,evaluation method and other relevant theories of urban development efficiency,finally established the evaluation index system of urban development efficiency,and determined the evaluation method.Taking 44 cities in the Bohai Rim area as the research objects,the complexity and uncertainty of the urban evaluation system were taken into consideration,and the urban development efficiency evaluation index system based on the city was established.Because the DEA method can only compare the input and output efficiency of each city at the same time section,and by using the DEA-Malmquist productivity index method to breakdown and deepen the TEP by the first order difference,for a more in-depth analysis about the historical evolution of input and output efficiency of in each urban agglomeration.In the spatial pattern feature analysis of urban development efficiency,the standard deviation elliptical method of spatial statistical tool is used to depict the evolution trajectory.Finally,using Tobit method,through the construction of factors may have an impact on the efficiency of city development,the main results were as follows:(1)Spatio-temporal differentiation.The overall development efficiency of the 44 cities in the Bohai Rim region are relatively high and the fluctuation range are large,with "M-shape" trend.Efficiency of medium cities in the Bohai Rim region accounted for the most,the highest efficiency of the city accounted for the least,as a whole did not reach the ideal state,the improving potential space is bigger,we should pay attention to the development of efficiency invalid city.(2)Spatial pattern characteristics.High efficiency level of city's mainly close to the coast,the improvement of efficiency of urban development is along with the reduction in the number of invalid efficiency city in Hebei province and Shandong province and,overall Bohai Rim area's development efficiency level is on the rise.The main focus of urban development efficiency is on the Bohai sea,and Shandong peninsula plays a more important role in promoting urban development efficiency than Liaodong peninsula.(3)Total factor productivity(TFP)and its decomposition indexes' Spatio-temporal analyzation.The stage characteristics of total factor productivity are obvious,and the overall trend is decreasing.The fluctuation of Liaoning province is the most obvious and the development situation is the most unstable.The change of technological efficiency is decreasing then rising,and the fluctuation of coastal cities are most obvious.The overall technical progress index is declining then rising trend,the most obvious trend in the last two years.(4)Influence factor regression analysis.Population agglomeration and regional economic development have positive and significant impact on urban development efficiency.Low carbon potential has positive influence on urban development efficiency but not significant.The execution of government has negative influence on urban development efficiency which has relative significant impact.