Impact Of High-speed Rail On Ice-snow Travel Accessibility And Spatial Organization Evolution

In recent years,with the continuous improvement of China's economic level,the idea of national leisure has led to an upsurge of leisure tourism.The winter scenery is unique,more and more people choose to travel in winter,and the development momentum of ice and snow tourism is strong and rapid,which has caused government departments and the scientific community to Wide attention and become a research hotspot.This paper studies the spatial and temporal evolution of ice and snow tourism destinations and accessibility of the three northeastern provinces before and after the high-speed rail is put into use,and selects national traffic data,population,provincial economic data,tourism income,and number of visits from the period of 2010 to 2016 as research basis.Calculate the shortest time distance based on the OD matrix in ArcGIS network analysis,and get the three indices of weighted average travel time,economic potential index and daily reachability,and then pass through the center of gravity of the travel location,first degree,order-scale model,Herfindahl The index and the model of tourism economic ties are used to analyze the transformation of the spatial structure of ice and snow tourism in the three provinces of Northeast China.The results of the study are as follows:(1)With the gradual opening of the high-speed rail,the average weighted average travel time of ice and snow destinations has been reduced,the rate of reduction has reached 74%,and the average value of the ice and snow economic potential index has been raised,increasing by about 185%.The accessibility along the high-speed rail line has been improved,resulting in the formation of an economic axis belt aggregation effect.However,at the same time,the ice and snow tourism forms a corridor,and the central cities for ice and snow tourism have been strengthened,while cities outside the high-speed rail line are growing,and the growth rate is relatively small,which makes the spatial differences between ice and snow tourism increase,forming a situation in which centralization and marginalization are jointly strengthened.(2)From the macro perspective,the snow and ice tourism in the three provinces in East China is relatively balanced and stable.In addition to the major changes in the core cities,the size of small and medium sized ice and snow tourism cities has also been enhanced.The core region has promoted the development of ice and snow tourism in non-core regions.From a microscopic perspective,under the influence of the high-speed rail's catalysis,the spatial distribution of ice and snow tourism destinations shows more obvious aggregation,with prominent polarization effects and greater concentration of core areas.(3)After 2030,the distribution of ice and snow tourism in the three northeastern provinces will increase,and will gradually stabilize.The core area will not only drive peripheral cities,but will also start to drive peripheral cities,and the gap will begin to shrink.Compared with the state of 2020,the radiation capabilities of the three core regions have been strengthened.At the same time,the coordinated development pattern of the three core regions has been perfected,and the phenomenon of proliferation to the external regions has been remarkable,with the development of “multipolarization” and “decentralization”.(4)This paper proposes development proposals for snow and ice tourism in the three provinces of Northeast China from three aspects: preventing the siphon effect of high-speed railways,changing the development mode of tourism,and comprehensively upgrading transportation facilities.Mainly to increase the balance of development of the three provinces in the Northeast for the purpose of preventing the Matthew effect.We will change the development mode of tourism based on the traditional model,and strive to promote the integration and creation of more fresh industries and traditional industries.Realizing the integration of large and small-sized traffic within the region will have a greater stimulating effect on the flow volume and frequency of tourism along the high-speed rail line,not only promoting long-term ice and snow tourism products,but also increasing the demand for shortterm tourism products.The establishment of a new model of ice and snow tourism cities needs to simultaneously improve the commercial level and entertainment and leisure levels.