Research Of Energy-efficiency Routing Mechanisum For Underwater Acoustic Sensor Networks

For decades,underwater acoustic sensor networks(UASNs)have become a hot research topic.The energy-efficient technology has become a hot research topic because it is the basis of many other technologies.As the underwater sensor nodes are powered by built in batteries,the lifetime of the network is related with the time that the energy of a node exhausted.It is a most urgent need to increase energy-efficiency by reducing energy consumption and extending the network lifetime.Therefore,research of energy-efficiency routing mechanisum for underwater wireless sensor networks in our work will mostly focus on how to save node's energy and extend lifetime of the networks.On one hand,a Q-learning based delay-aware routing algorithm(QDAR)is proposed.With the application of Q-learning technique,QDAR can determine a global optimal next hop rather than a greedy one.We define an action-utility function in which residual energy and propagation delay are both considered for adequate routing decision.Thus,QDAR algorithm can extend network lifetime by uniformly distributing the residual energy and provide lower end-to-end delay.On the other hand,in order to further improve energy-effiency,a power control algorithm using directional transducers in UASNs is proposed.A directional neighbor discovering scheme is designed,by which nodes can get the channel information and define utility function with the goal of maximizing normalized capacity and minimizing interference with vicinal nodes.Transmission power is controlled by finding the optimal solution to maximize the utility function.This algorithm can not only solve the hidden/exposed terminal problem by reducing influence in communication,but also increase spatial reuse and save node's energy.This paper improve energy-efficiency of UASNs from both MAC layer and routing layer based on the cross-layer model.The routing algorithm extends lifetime of the networks.The power control algorithm reduce energy consumption and communication interruption during packet forwarding phase.Simulation results show that the energy-efficiency routing mechanisum for underwater acoustic sensor networks in this paper can prolong network lifetime with shorter end-to-end delay.The power control algorithm can increase throughput.Thus,the mechanisum can improve energy-efficiency of UASNs.