Research On Low-Power Routing Protocols In Wireless Sensor Networks For Smart City Infrastructure

As an important technology in the Internet of Things era,Wireless Sensor Network(WSN)has brought human society closer to the objective world by virtue of its large-scale and self-organizing features.However,limited by the energy of the sensor node battery,how to improve the energy utilization of the node,extend the network lifetime,and achieve high-quality information communication becomes more important.Based on the urban infrastructure,this paper proposes a routing protocol based on AGNES and cluster head number optimization and a multi-hop routing protocol based on Qo S optimization to achieve low-power transmission of ground building monitoring information.A multi-hop routing protocol based on the improved DEEC protocol is constructed to achieve low-power transmission of underground pipe gallery monitoring information.The main work is as follows:(1)The theoretical basis of WSN and WSN routing protocols is systematically expounded,including the concept,architecture,network characteristics,key technologies of WSN.And the protocol characteristics and design requirements of WSN routing protocols are summarized,and the characteristics of five common hierarchical routing protocols are described and compared in detail.(2)An energy-efficient clustering routing protocol based on AGNES and cluster head number optimization is proposed.Firstly,a new network model is introduced to achieve the optimal number of cluster heads.Next,the AGNES algorithm is optimized to avoid the problem of excessive energy consumption difference between large and small clusters.The simulation results show that the protocol can effectively reduce network energy consumption and extend network lifetime under in homogeneous and heterogeneous networks.(3)A multi-hop energy-efficient clustering routing protocol based on Qo S optimization is designed.Firstly,three Qo S indicators based on coverage,such as information integrity,redundancy and validity,and a new node deployment strategy are proposed.Next,a base station-centric partitioned cluster heads selection strategy is adopted.Finally,the Dijkstra algorithm is used to construct the information transmission path from each cluster head to the base station.The simulation results show that the Qo S indicators obtained by the node deployment strategy is better.This protocol has certain improvement in low power consumption compared with LEACH,DEEC and GSEN protocols.(4)A multi-hop energy-efficient clustering routing protocol based on the improved DEEC protocol is constructed.Firstly,according to the structural characteristics of the underground pipe gallery,a new network model is introduced to realize the calculation of the optimal number ofcluster heads.Then,the node location information is introduced to optimize the calculation formula of the threshold T(7)n(8)in the DEEC protocol.Finally,the nodes are divided into two types:ordinary nodes and relay nodes,and reasonable node deployment realizes the construction of the information transmission path from each cluster head to the base station.The simulation results show that this protocol can better conform to the pipe gallery structure and has advantages in low power consumption.The research in this paper designs a low-power and reliable transmission protocol for wireless sensor networks,providing technical support for reliable monitoring of urban infrastructure.