Optimization Of Microstrip Antenna With Multi-frequency Band-based On Improved Genetic Algorithm And And Test Research Of Ultra High Frequency PD Signal

Electrical equipment carries all aspects of power system operation,and plays a very important role in the system operation.The real-time monitoring of insulation equipment fault is the current research hotspot.The precursor of insulation equipment failure is partial discharge,so the research and attention of partial discharge is increasing.Partial discharge of insulation equipment can realize on-line monitoring,so as to reflect the internal fault of equipment in time,prevent accidents in advance,reduce the severity and probability of equipment damage,ensure the safe operation of insulation equipment,and improve the stability of power system operation.In this paper,the reason and mechanism of UHF signal during PD are analyzed and introduced firstly,then the structure and basic working principle of microstrip antenna are introduced in detail.Based on the development of microstrip antenna in the early stage of the laboratory,in order to make its performance more excellent,we use HFSS to scan the parameters of the microstrip antenna to be optimized and determine the optimization interval of each parameter.We introduce catastrophe operator,adaptive cross mutation probability,optimal individual retention and other means into the traditional genetic algorithm,and combine HFSS and MATLAB to find multiple parameters of the microstrip antenna The optimal combination of numbers.After 2000 generations of propagation,the result converges to an optimal parameter combination.After getting the optimal combination of antenna parameters,a microstrip antenna with optimized structure is made and its performance is tested by vector network analyzer.The test results show that the performance of the parameters such as gain,pattern and bandwidth of the working frequency band of the optimized antenna has little difference with the simulation results,which can meet the test requirements.In order to test the actual detection performance of the optimized antenna,the pin-plate discharge model in the solid sample is used in this paper.During the experiment,the distance between the antenna and the partial discharge source is controlled first,and the UHF signal waveform is measured at different distances before and after the optimization.Then the UHF signals of different defect models,such as pin-plate discharge,air gap discharge and suspension discharge,are measured with the antenna before and after optimization.At last,in the process of electrical aging test of polyethylene material,the UHF signal of PD is measured by using the optimized antenna in different aging stages.