| As one of the main modes of Internet finance,P2P lending has a huge development space in the future.Its appearance fills the gap in the field of petty loan in the Internet market and provides a new direction for investment and financing of small and medium-sized enterprises and individuals.However,due to the short development time of the P2P lending industry and the lack of clear laws and regulations to guide it,it is difficult to regulate the industry.In the case of unclear business boundaries,it is very easy to breed illegal and criminal acts,such as illegal fund-raising,money laundering and so on.With the support of the Internet,the development of P2P lending is very rapid,with the number of platforms reaching more than 3500 at most,but its market has not yet reached a mature stage.Many P2P lending platforms have some risk problems,such as imperfect risk control mechanism,unclear capital flow and unsafe information and data.The risk management and control of P2P lending platform has also been put on the agenda by the state.The government and relevant departments have repeatedly issued documents to regulate the registration,business scope,capital deposit and information disclosure of P2P platform,so as to eliminate a large number of platforms with serious risk problems and insufficient risk control level,and maintain the healthy and normal development of P2P industry.In addition to the improvement of laws and regulations,it is more necessary to seek scientific methods and technologies to manage and control the risks of P2P platform.The emergence of blockchain technology provides a feasible path for risk management of P2P platform.Blockchain is a new product integrating distributed storage,asymmetric encryption,consensus mechanism,point-to-point transmission and other technologies.It has the characteristics of de-centralization,de-trust and collective maintenance.This technology has been applied in the fields of supply chain finance,Internet of things,electronic deposit certificate and so on besides digital currency,and has got a good response.The application of blockchain technology in risk management and control of P2P platform has a very significant advantage for both sides of the loan,platform and regulator.The decentralized operation mode of blockchain can change the platform from the original central organization integrating information and capital to an intermediary organization providing information services only,which weakens its central position in the process of online loan transaction.Its point-to-point data transmission characteristics also enable users to truly conduct transactions directly between people,the transaction capital will no longer pass through the third party,it avoids the possibility that the platform misappropriates funds.And its distributed data storage enables every node in the platform to view and verify all transaction information records,the data in the platform is difficult to be tampered with.The existence of time stamp technology also ensures that all transaction information in the blockchain is completely recorded in chronological order.As long as the relevant data interface is used,it can be synchronized to the regulatory authorities,making the regulation very convenient.Based on the analysis of the existing risks of P2P platform,this paper studies the risks of P2P lending platform from three aspects:risk identification,risk control and risk assessment.A decentralized P2P lending model is designed to solve the problems of incomplete information,non transparency,easy to be tampered with,non traceability and so on.First of all,this paper summarizes the existing risk problems of P2P lending platform,constructs an index system suitable for risk evaluation of P2P platform,analyzes the reasons why the existing risk management methods fail to solve the risk problems of P2P platform,and proposes to use blockchain technology to carry out risk management and control on P2P platform.Then,the overall architecture of the blockchain P2P platform is constructed and the transaction process is optimized.The smart contract is designed by using the framework of Hyperledger Fabric,and the relevant chaincode is written to complete the construction of the blockchain P2P platform.At the same time,the simulation experiment is carried out,and then the advantages of the blockchain technology applied to the risk management and control of the P2P platform are discussed.Then,through the combination of qualitative and quantitative methods,the risk of P2P platform is evaluated quantitatively,and the risk evaluation values of traditional P2P platform and blockchain P2P platform are calculated by integrating AHP and grey comprehensive evaluation method.The comparative analysis shows that the use of blockchain technology can effectively control the risk of P2P lending platform.The main innovation points of this paper are divided into three points.First,it combs the relevant literature of the P2P platform risk evaluation index system and the existing main risks of the P2P platform,summarizes the risk evaluation indexes applicable to the P2P lending platform,and improves the research of the P2P platform risk evaluation system.Secondly,it proposes to use blockchain technology to explore the feasible direction of P2P platform risk management,constructs a P2P platform risk control model based on blockchain theory,designs the overall architecture of blockchain P2P platform,and optimizes the relevant transaction process.Smart contract is introduced to build the simulation environment of blockchain P2P platform,the realization and test of transaction function are completed to verify its feasibility.Thirdly,combining AHP with grey system theory,the corresponding model is constructed to calculate the weight of P2P platform risk evaluation index and the comprehensive evaluation value of platform risk,and the risk evaluation results of traditional P2P platform and blockchain P2P platform are compared and analyzed,to make a supplementary study on the quantification of risk assessment. |
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