| Construction of ecological environment monitoring network is essential to improve and enhance the management efficiency of ecological environmental protection.Because of the geographical complexity of some ecological environment monitoring areas,the large monitoring scope and difficulty in data transmission over long distance,it is difficult to promote the construction of ecological environment monitoring networks in these areas.How to solve this situation by improving the communication network has become a key concern of the management department.Compared with WiFi,ZigBee,BlueTooth and other short range wireless communication technologies,LoRa technology has the characteristics of long range,low power consumption,unlicensed spectrum,large capacity,which can improve the network construction of ecological environment.In this thesis,combined the functional requirements of ecological environment monitoring and the characteristics of LoRa technology,a communication network is built to transfer data,and the working life of monitoring nodes limited by energy supply are improved by the energy saving technology.In view of this,the LoRa communication protocol for ecological environment monitoring and the energy saving technologies in terms of data transmission and data fusion of communication networks are researched.The special studies are as follows:(1)Combined the characteristics of the ecological environment monitoring network and the application of LoRa communication technology in the monitoring network system,the topology of the LoRa communication protocol is determined.Then,the physical layer,MAC layer,network layer and application layer of the communication protocol are designed.(2)By analyzed the application of clustering routing protocol in wireless sensor networks,a centralized clustering method based on dynamic partition is proposed.The energy consumption model of the monitoring network is built to analyze the energy balance of the cluster of dynamic partition.(3)According to the data transmission characteristics of the clustering network,the energy saving method is designed for the monitoring network.The cluster member node dynamically adjusts the transmit power by receiving the RSSI query transmit power level table.Then,the spatio-temporal correlation of monitoring data is analyzed,and a data fusion method based on data prediction is designed.The spatial correlation data fusion selects the representative node by correlation calculation to upload data,and predicts the monitoring values of the remaining nodes.The temporal correlation data fusion predicts time series data by exponential smoothing method.(4)The monitoring node is designed to test the LoRa communication protocol networking and dynamic partition control.Then,the energy balance and lifetime of clusters of dynamic partition are simulated and analyzed.Finally,soil temperature and humidity data are used to verify the energy saving of data fusion.The results showed that the LoRa communication protocol can transmit monitoring data,and energy saving technology can effectively reduce node energy consumption and prolong the monitoring network working time. |
