Research On Low Power Control Technology Of Wireless Sensor Network Node

The wireless sensor network combines various technologies such as microelectronics technology,wireless communication technology,and embedded system technology.It deploys a large number of sensor nodes to the area to be detected,and wirelessly connect and manage all nodes through the control center.This has become an important technical solution for the "Internet of Everything".In many cases,wireless sensor nodes need long-term stability and maintenance-free operation,which poses a huge challenge to the power consumption of the nodes.Therefore,improving the energy efficiency of sensor nodes has become an important research topic of general concern in the academic community and the industry.This paper focused on the low-power design of wireless sensor nodes and carried out the research from the low-power design of hardware circuits and the low-power design of wireless sensor communication protocols.It used harmonic control and power amplifier bias control to design a high-efficiency RF power amplifier,and realized the low-power communication protocol through the time quasi-synchronization technology and the time division strategy to reduce the communication collision probability of the sensor node.The main contents are as follows:Firstly,after analyzing the structure of the RF transmit circuit of the node from the level of the hardware circuit and comprehending the power consumption characteristics of the transmit circuit,for the power amplifier part with the largest power consumption in the transmit circuit,the harmonic control network design of the amplifier is carried out through the idea of harmonic control.So that the power amplifier itself has low power consumption characteristics,and then by adding a single chip microcomputer,the power amplifier can select a suitable bias voltage according to the power of the input signal,so that it can obtain higher global efficiency in the environment where the input signal power of the wireless sensor network is variable.Experiments shown that the low-power design of the hardware enables the wireless node to save power and extend the maintenance-free period of the wireless sensor node.Secondly,in the aspect of wireless sensor communication protocol,a polling protocol based on time quasi-synchronization technology is proposed for the wireless sensor network with periodic polling work.The back-off strategy based on time-division is designed for the collision problem of wireless node alarm information transmission.Simulation shows that the above scheme can increase the sleep time of the node and avoid unnecessary energy consumption during data communication,thus reducing the power consumption of the node.Finally,for the application scenario of oil pipeline monitoring,an experimental verification platform is constructed and the software and hardware design scheme proposed in this paper is applied.The measured results show that the energy consumption of nodes is effectively reduced.