Research On Multipath Routing Protocol In Wireless Sensor Network

As wireless sensor network is more and more widely used in various fields of modern society,people have raised a higher anticipation on wireless sensor network performance.Wireless sensor network has become the subject of many domestic and overseas researchers.The related technologies of the wireless sensors network have been rapidly developed recently.The routing protocols,as the key technology of the wireless sensor network,determine the communication performance of the wireless sensor network.Wireless sensor network has the characteristics of complex deployment environment,limited energy and resource of sensors,which puts high requirements on the design of routing protocols for wireless sensor network.At present,there are many researches on routing protocols for wireless sensor network.Some routing protocols are proposed for wireless sensor network,and many others are developed from routing protocols of Ad Hoc network and traditional wireless network.However,these existing routing protocols mostly establish routes based on a single criterion,without considering factors such as network energy and load well;when routes established,the network can not adjust the data traffic distribution very well according to the state of the built path.Therefore,it's the focus of this paper to design reasonable routing protocols to effectively utilize network resources and energy,improve network performance,and maximize network resource utilization.Firstly,based on the Ad Hoc On-demand Multipath Distance Vector(AOMDV),this paper proposes an Energy-Queue AOMDV(EQAOMDV)protocol.By studying the AOMDV protocol in depth,it can be found that:(1)AOMDV protocol builds the shortest path according to the hop count and uses the shortest path as the primary path,when establishing routes.However,there may exist nodes with insufficient energy or overload on the shortest path.(2)After routes have been established,path state information cannot be updated,causing the source node cannot select a suitable path to transmit data according to the actual path state.EQAOMDV protocol sets the routing criterion according to the residual energy and queue of the node,which can avoid the defect of establishing routes based on hop count.After the network establishes routes,the state of the network path is updated by broadcasting periodic extended Hello packets,so that the sensor source node can make corresponding adjustment when the current primary path is unsuitable for transmission.Finally,by conducting simulation on NS2,the experimental results show that EQAOMDV protocol is superior to AOMDV protocol in performance indicators such as packet delivery ratio,average delay and routing overhead.Then through further research and analysis of the proposed EQAOMDV protocol,this paperfinds that the EQAOMDV protocol has room for improvement.EQAOMDV protocol uses a fixed weight to set routing criteria when establishing routes,this may result in nodes with insufficient energy but a lighter queue load or more energy but a heavier queue load added to the path.After the network establishes routes,EQAOMDV protocol selects the path with the highest fitness for transmission firstly,which may cause energy holes in the network.In view of this,based on EQAOMDV,this paper proposes an Adaptive Energy-Queue AOMDV(AEQAOMDV)protocol.By placing the node energy influence factor in the first place when establishing routes,AEQAOMDV protocol adaptively sets the weight of the routing criterion according to the node energy consumption state,and avoids nodes with imbalance the energy and queue load being added to the path.After the network establishes routes,AEQAOMDV protocol adaptively selects the primary path to transmit data packets according to the fitness of the established multiple paths,so as to avoid the network energy hole caused by only using the path with the highest fitness to transmit data packets.Finally,the effectiveness of the AEQAOMDV protocol is verified by NS2 simulation.