Research On Pattern Re-Configurable Antenna Technology Based On Beam Switching

The pattern reconfigurable antenna realizes the reconfiguration of antenna radiation pattern by using an electronic switch or changing the mechanical structure of the antenna to achieve a change in the shape or radiation direction of the antenna radiation pattern.Compared with other pattern reconfigurable antenna technologies,the pattern reconfigurable antenna technology based on beam switching technology has the advantages of simple antenna array structure,simple reconfigurable direction pattern method,easy adjustment of beam pointing,high programmable degree of freedom,etc.It is widely used in ground transportation,airports and other scenarios.In this paper,the antenna array radiating unit and the multi-path feeding network of reconfigurable antenna array are designed reasonably,completing the design of the reconfigurable antenna array based on beam switching.Design and implement a broadband dual-polarized beamwidth reconfigurable antenna using liquid metal technology,and the following research results are obtained:1.A switching logic network as a feed network for reconfigurable antenna array is designed,enabling selective transmission of power from one way to two or four paths,and achieving very low insertion loss of 1.9dB and low port phase imbalance of 1 degree and high port isolation above 15 dB.2.A low profile,high gain 1×2 patch antenna array element is presented and the pattern of the pitch angle of the binary patch array antenna can be reconstructed by controlling the length of the slot on the parasitic patch,realizing 5 beams with elevation angle from-140°to 14°.Using the feed network of reconfigurable antenna array and high-gain radiation unit,the beam-switchable pattern reconfigurable antenna array is realized,the beam scanning range is from-90° to 90° in azimuth and-14° to 14° in elevation.Totally 80 kinds of beams are achieved,and it is support for up to two beams.3.Design a broadband dual-polarized antenna unit,increasing the working bandwidth of the antenna by bending the traditional straight-arm dipole,and introduce metal columns on both sides of the antenna to achieve gain stability in the broadband.The beamwidth of the broadband dual-polarized antenna unit pattern can be reconstructed from 75° to 200° with changing the height of the metal columns by liquid metal technology.