Study On Energy Balanced Routing And Coverage Optimization For Wireless Sensor Networks

Nowadays,Wireless Sensor Network(WSN)technology is one of the three pillars of information technology,which is juxtaposed with communication technology and computer technology.With its robustness,large scale,network topology and other properties,it is widely used in medicine,military,industry,agriculture and home,etc.However,the number of nodes in WSN is huge and scattered,and the energy of the node can not be replenished.Therefore,the application of wireless sensor networks is often accompanied by unbalanced network energy consumption,low communication quality,short life and other defects.Among them,the optimized routing protocol can balance the energy consumption of the network and prevent important nodes from running out prematurely.Reasonable node deployment can not only reduce energy consumption but also promote network communication.So in order to improve the quality of communication service in WSN,two aspects of routing optimization and coverage optimization in wireless sensor networks are studied in this paper,and the main work and innovations are as follows:(1)The research background and significance of WSN are introduced,the characteristics and its current hot applications of WSN are also outlined.The research status of routing protocols and coverage algorithms in WSN at home and abroad is analyzed.And the innovation of WSN technology is summarized briefly.At the same time,the basic classification and classical algorithm of routing protocol and coverage algorithm are analyzed and summarized respectively.This paper briefly introduces the ant colony algorithm and analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of the application of ant colony algorithm in WSN when improving the routing algorithm.In the AVMC algorithm,the virtual universal gravitation and the virtual coulomb force models in the virtual material force algorithm and the centroid algorithm derived from Voronoi polygon are described simply.These contents lay a theoretical foundation for the research of routing optimization and coverage optimization problem.(2)To solve the routing optimization problem,an energy balanced routing algorithm based on improved ant colony algorithm in WSN is proposed.The optimized routingalgorithm regards ant colony algorithm as the basis.After the nodes are randomly dispersed in the monitoring area,the network layering band is set according to the distance firstly,the ants are restricted to search angle to select the next hop node subsequently.Also the parameters such as the medium distance,gradient function and energy factor are introduced into the probability function.When the pheromone concentration is updated,a combination of local updating and global updating is adopted.These methods can increase the network cycle,enhance the ant's ability to find the best,reduce the energy consumption,and avoid ant colony algorithm falling into local optimization in advance in the network.Finally,the simulation experiment shows that the improved algorithm can overcome the shortcomings of the classical ant colony algorithm and achieve efficient energy-saving optimal routing.(3)To solve the coverage optimization problem,a node distribution optimization strategy based on AVMC algorithm in WSN is proposed.The AVMC algorithm mainly combines the advantages of ant colony algorithm,virtual material force algorithm and centroid algorithm in node distribution to optimize regional coverage.Firstly,ant colony algorithm is used to select nodes with reasonable number and location,and the optimal model of node position is transformed into a simple linear model.Secondly,we use the algorithm of virtual material force(including virtual coulomb force and virtual universal gravitation)to optimize the position of nodes selected by ant colony algorithm.The concept of boundary constraint force is also introduced to optimize the position of nodes in the boundary region of a given range to prevent the boundary nodes from being excluded from the boundary by the virtual coulomb force.Finally,we combine with the exclusive characteristics of the Voronoi diagrams between points and points to improve the accuracy of the nodes position optimization.And the simulation results show that,the proposed optimization strategy can improve node redundancy in WSN,and improve the coverage efficiency of network on the basis of improving the coverage rate of monitoring area.