Research On Multipath Energy Balance Routing Algorithm Based On Ant Colony Optimization

Wireless sensor network is often used in environments where they are dangerous,in poor conditions,or inaccessible through manpower because of its low cost,no wiring,extensive range of collection,and so on.When working,they can conduct real-time monitoring of areas or targets,and gather information that people need.With the increase of wireless sensor network service object,there are more and more scholars to study the network.As one of the key technologies of wireless sensor networks,routing algorithm also has become an important research direction of the network.Aiming at the shortcomings of the existing ant colony routing algorithm,this paper designs and achieves two routing algorithms.(1)Aiming at shortcomings of the existing ant colony single path routing algorithms,this paper proposes the wireless sensor network routing algorithm based on improved ant colony algorithm(IARA).Firstly,aiming at the redundancy problem of the initial neighbor nodes,the neighbor node pre-screening is proposed.Then,when improving the path heuristic factor,the angle factor and the distance factor between the nodes are used to guide the path direction better to avoid the generation of the irrelevant path.At the same time,the energy level of the next hop node and its neighbor nodes are considered.Finally,for the local optimal problem,a semi-adaptive pheromone update strategy is proposed.Simulation results show that compared with EEABR and IEEABR algorithm,IARA algorithm has a certain improvement in the hop count of path and node average energy consumption.However,due to the limitation of single path,the algorithm has little advantages in delay and energy balance.(2)Aiming at the shortcomings of IARA single path,and further balancing the network energy and improving the network performances,a multipath energy balance routing algorithm based on IARA(MEBR)is proposed.In terms of node deployment,the center density decreasing deployment strategy is adopted.In order to enhance the independence and fault tolerance of the path,a link disjoint multipathing formation strategy is proposed.For the searched multipath,the multipath decision management model is built to select the current best transmission path and manage the multipath.After the studying of the path switching mechanism,a path switching mechanism suitable for the link disjoint multipath is proposed.And the repair ant is defined to maintain and update the routing.Simulation results show that compared with IARAand AntHocNet,MEBR has better performance in terms of network energy consumption,packet loss rate and delay,and better achieves the balance of network load,and further extends the network life cycle.