Research On Node Optimization Of Wireless Sensor Network In Aquatic Product Transportation

With the development of society and the improvement of quality of life,people's demand for fresh food is increasing.Among them,the transportation volume of aquatic products(such as fish,crab and so on)in logistics is increasing year by year because of their high nutritional value.The most notable difference between aquatic product transportation and other food transportation is that the freshness of food must be kept.Therefore,we can only use live transportation instead of traditional vacuum plastic packaging,which requires relatively strict transportation environment.This difference leads to the fact that aquatic products cannot be used in traditional logistics transportation.A special transport system for aquatic products transportation must be set up.By combining data acquisition and processing,wireless communication and computer technology,wireless sensor networks can monitor a variety of parameters in the coverage of the network and carry out data acquisition,storage and transmission.Compared with traditional cable transmission mode,WSN has the advantages of small volume,low power consumption,flexible structure and maintenance,so it has been widely used in the transportation of aquatic products.However,there is a high power consumption problem in the existing WSN monitoring system.When the transportation distance is far away,the power supply of the node can not support the power supply demand of the system.In order to solve the problem of excessive power consumption in the transportation of aquatic products,the wireless sensor network node is designed in this paper,which is optimized at the same time from two aspects of hardware and software to reduce the power consumption of the wireless sensor network and improve the efficiency of energy utilization.The high power consumption of hardware in WSN is caused by unreasonable circuit design and impedance mismatch.When designing the node,power divider and AC filter are used to separate multiple voltages from the power supply to meet the needs of different sensors;The impedance matching network is designed to optimize the circuit structure,which enables the sensor to achieve maximum transmission power and reduceenergy loss.Considering the needs of aquatic products transportation,a packaging box with a certain waterproof property is designed to protect the nodes and ensure the stability of WSN.The high power consumption of software in WSN is caused by the improper distribution of energy in the network when nodes communicate with each other,which is usually related to the communication protocol of the network.How to optimize the communication protocol of WSN has been a hot topic that many domestic and foreign scholars have actively studied and discussed.According to the difference of WSN communication mode,this paper divides it into two modes: single node communication and multiple-nodes communication.To optimize single node communication,a path loss model method,a Gauss model and a hybrid model are proposed.Through these methods,WSN nodes can effectively reduce the excess transmit power of nodes and reduce unnecessary data transmission when communicating.To optimize multiple-nodes communication,the frame structure in the communication protocol is improved.A power control method based on Hidden Markov model(HMM)and non cooperative game is proposed.By introducing the node energy game in wireless sensor network,transmission power of nodes is balanced,energy utilization is proved and the life cycle of network is extended.Experimental results show that the performance of the optimized WSN has been improved.Under single node communication mode,the hybrid model based method is the most efficient and reduces total power consumption by more than 20%.Under multiple-n odes communication mode,the control method based on HMM and non cooperative game is superior to the traditional algorithm in 3 aspects: energy utilization rate,algorithm convergence speed and maximum life cycle.The research results of this paper comprehensively reduce the energy consumption in the wireless sensor network and solve the high power consumption problem of monitoring the target in the process of long-distance or long time logistics transportation monitoring.It can be applied to the field of aquatic product transportation monitoring well and it has the value to be spread to other fields of logistics monitoring.