A Study On Aggressive Interpretation Bias Of Fragile High Self-esteem Junior High School Students In Different Situations And Emotions

Researchers consider that individuals with fragile high self-esteem are prone to be influenced by external negative feedback and have aggressive reactions due to their unstable self-evaluation internally.As a perspective of aggression research,previous cognitive processing bias studies have shown that fragile high self-esteem individuals have attention bias and memory bias towards aggression information,but few previous studies have explored whether they have aggressive interpretation bias.Therefore,this study first explored the characteristics of aggressive interpretation bias of fragile high self-esteem individuals,and hypothesized they had significant aggressive interpretation bias after self-threat.In addition,positive emotions will lead to individuals' positive interpretation bias,while negative emotions will lead to individuals' negative interpretation bias.However,previous studies have not explored whether different emotions have an impact on the interpretation bias of fragile high self-esteem individuals.Therefore,this study also explored the influence of emotions on the aggressive interpretation bias of fragile high self-esteem individuals,and hypothesized they had more aggressive interpretation and less non-aggressive interpretation bias in negative emotions than in other emotions.The study used explicit self-esteem(adolescent self-esteem assessment questionnaire)and implicit self-esteem(IAT)to screen fragile and secure high self-esteem participants.In Experiment 1,71 effective participants were screened from 300 junior middle school students,then using Raven Standard Progressive Matrices to set up self-threat and non-self-threat situations,and finally using explicit measure to explore participants' interpretation bias characteristics in these two situations.Experiment 2 screened 89 effective participants from 330 students,and then they carried out Raven Standard Progressive Matrices and interpretation bias test(17 participants were excluded due to a high number of incorrect answers to the questions),which was an experiment using the implicit measure to explore participants' interpretation bias characteristics under self-threat and non-self-threat situations.In Experiment 3,72 participants with fragile high self-esteem were screened from 618 students,and they were randomly assigned to four emotions(happiness,sadness,anger and calmness)to explore the influence of different emotions on these participants' aggressive interpretation bias.The results of Experiment 1 showed that there was no difference in aggressive interpretation bias between fragile and secure high self-esteem students,and fragile high selfesteem students had more aggressive interpretation bias than secure high self-esteem students after self-threat,and the aggressive interpretation bias of fragile high self-esteem individuals after self-threat was significantly higher than that after non-self-threat.The results of Experiment 2 showed that the fragile high self-esteem students had aggressive interpretation bias,because their reading time patterns of continuous sentences under no cue conditions were consistent with those under aggressive cue conditions,which showed that the reading time of aggressive continuous sentences was significantly shorter than that of non-aggressive continuous sentences,but there was no significant difference in reading time of different continuation sentences under non-aggressive cue conditions,while the secure high self-esteem students have neither aggressive interpretation bias nor non-aggressive interpretation bias,because their reading time patterns of continuous sentences under no cue conditions are different from those under aggressive cue conditions and those under non-aggressive cue conditions: Under no cue conditions,there was no significant difference in reading time of different continuation sentences,while under aggressive cue conditions,the reading time of aggressive continuation sentences was significantly shorter than that of non-aggressive continuation sentences,and under non-aggressive cue conditions,the reading time of nonaggressive continuation sentences was significantly shorter than that of aggressive continuation sentences.In addition,the results did not show that the fragile high self-esteem students would be affected by the self-threat situation.The results of Experiment 3 showed that the fragile high self-esteem students had more aggressive interpretation bias and less non aggressive interpretation bias in the negative mood than in the positive mood.The study revealed that the threatened egotism of the aggression of fragile high self-esteem individuals may only be applied to the explicit instrument,fragile high self-esteem individuals may had strong aggressive characteristics compared with secure high self-esteem individuals.Single pure physiological emotional change would affect the aggression of fragile high selfesteem individuals,and the specific negative emotions had the same cognitive function to them,which was in line with the mood-congruent theory.