Compensation Of Different Exercise Programs On Non-exercise Physical Activity,Appetite And Energy Intake In Normal-and Overweight Adults

PurposeTo examine compensatory changes of different acute exercise program on sedentary behavior,non-exercise physical activity,appetite and energy intake in normal-and overweight adults;and to determine if different body mass index of individuals interact with these compensatory changes.MethodsTen normal weight adults(9 females and 1 male;mean(s.d.)age 24.0(1.3)years;BMI 20.7(1.5)kg/m2)and ten overweight adults(6 females and 4 males;age:24.5(2.7)years,BMI:25.9(1.2)kg/m2)participated in this study.Subjects completed three kinds of exercise protocol(HIIT protocol,LDCT and MDCT protocol,ie,low-dose and moderate-dose training protocol)in a randomized order and at least 5-7 days apart,with seven days of monitoring each.Physical activities were monitored by accelerometer throughout the period(7 days),the first 2 days of habitual physical activity(C-pre),then,3 consecutive days when exercise was imposed(E)and the last 2 days of habitual physical activity(C-post).Minutes per hour(min/h)of TPA,NEPA and SED were calculated using established cut points.Blood sample was collected 1 day before,on the 3 days of,and 1 day after the exercise sessions for analysis of appetite-related hormones(acyl-ghrelin,PYY,GLP-1,leptin).Perceived hunger was measured by VAS scale before and after every meal and before sleep during the 7 monitoring days.Additionally,EI was monitored using self-record food diaries.Two-way repeated measures ANOVAs were used to evaluate the differences per session across time.ResultsIn normal weight group,there was a significant effects of protocol-time interaction for TPA,TPA increased similarly in both LDCT and MDCT group(p=0.030;p=0.007)at the E days compared C-pre days.Analysis for NEPA revealed a main effect of protocol but not time,with post hoc analyses showed significantly lower NEPA at the HIIT period than the LDCT period(p=0.000).In overweight group,there was also a significant effects of protocol-time interaction for TPA and NEPA,TPA was lower for MDCT group at C-post days compared to C-pre and E period(p=0.028;p=0.001);NEPA was lower for MDCT(p=0.011)and higher for LDCT(p=0.042)at C-post days compared to C-pre and E period respectively.Acyl-ghrelin revealed a main effect of time,it was higher in C-pre period compared to E and C-post period(p=0.022,p=0.003),and there were significant decreased in C-post period compared to E(p=0.000)Analysis for total daily VAS revealed a main effect of protocol,with significant higher VAS for MDCT compared to HIIT and LDCT(p=0.019;p=0.002).Analysis for total EI revealed a main effect of protocol but no time,EI was higher for HIIT(p=0.026)compared to MDCTConclusionResults suggest that acute aerobic exercise was associated with compensatory change in NEPA and appetite for overweight adults when compared with normal weight adults And LDCT appears more beneficial than MDCT for improving NEPA and TPA However,energy intake was not altered regardless of exercise intensity and duration across time.