A Study Of 4-6 Year Old Children's Moral Emotion Judgment And Attribution Characteristics

Childhood is an important stage of individual moral development.In the process of individual moral development,moral emotion plays an important role.It is the medium between moral knowledge and moral behavior,and it is a huge driving force to transform moral knowledge into moral behavior.The purpose of this study is to find the emotional motivation of children's moral development.In the study of moral emotion,the study of judgment and attribution of moral emotion is a typical research paradigm.At present,there are few researches on children's moral emotion judgment and attribution characteristics in China,and most of them are about children's moral emotion judgment and attribution characteristics in a single situation.Therefore,a comprehensive study of children's moral judgment and attribution in different moral situations is very important to understand the psychological mechanism of children's moral development.In this study,literature and story situation methods were used to study the moral emotion judgment and attribution of 4-6-year-old children in prosocial and criminal situations.In the prosocial situation,the situation can be divided into helping,sharing and altruistic situation according to the cost paid by the helper;in the committed situation,the situation can be divided into lying,stealing and physical injury situation according to the degree of the offender.On the basis of previous studies,this study has compiled six stories according to different situation types according to children's real life to investigate the moral emotion judgment and attribution characteristics of 100 children in the middle and large classes.Through chi square test,the author investigated whether age,gender and situation type had influence on children's moral emotion judgment and attribution in prosocial and criminal situations,whetherthere were differences between children's moral emotion judgment and attribution to "others" and "self",and whether there were cross situation characteristics between the two situation types.The conclusions are as follows: 1.In prosocial and criminal situations,most children are able to make correct moral judgments on the protagonist's behavior according to the knowledge of moral norms they have mastered;2.In prosocial and criminal situations,there are age differences between the middle and large class children's moral judgments and their attribution;3.The cost of helpers and the degree of criminal process of offenders have an impact on children's moral emotion judgment and attribution;4.There is no significant gender difference in children's moral emotion judgment,and there is significant gender difference in moral emotion attribution;5.In the prosocial situation,there is no significant difference between children's moral emotion judgment and attribution of "others" and "self";in the criminal situation,there is significant difference between children's moral emotion judgment and attribution of "others" and "self".According to the research results,the author puts forward educational suggestions from three aspects:(1)Arousing children's moral emotion: the motive mechanism of children's moral development;(2)enriching children's moral knowledge: the value guidance of children's moral development;(3)To cultivate children's moral behavior habits: the explicit expression of children's moral development,"the unity of knowing and doing",to promote children from "physiological self" to "social self".