| Active participation is one of the key factors to ensure effective learning in class.Due to their own characteristics,autistic students have low level of classroom participation and more classroom problem behaviors.At present,there are many teaching strategies and methods applied to autistic students,but how to improve the classroom learning quality of autistic students in mixed classes still has a lot of questions to be explored.This study analyzed the domestic and foreign research on improving autistic students' classroom participation,finding that no single teaching strategy can solve all the problems of autistic students,and using a comprehensive intervention by choosing choose different types of teaching strategies in accordance with a certain logic is an ideal teaching method.After further literature review,finding that the Ziggurat Model is an effective tool by selecting and implementing teaching strategies from five aspects to achieve educational purposes.Therefore,the research direction of this study is to explore the possibility of combining the Ziggurat Model with relevant teaching strategies,and use this as a framework to improve the performance of autistic students in the collective classroom in China.This research is mainly divided into two parts.The first,study one,is theoretical research,which adopts qualitative research method to compile the application manual by combining the model and teaching strategies and conducting quality inspection.The second,study two and three,is the practical research,which adopts the method of single subject research and quasi-experimental research to verify the application and popularization of the model.The research objects of single subject research are 3 fourth grade autistic students in a special school with certain classroom problem behaviors,with the purpose of verifying the feasibility of the classroom teaching plan under the model for reducing students' individual problem behaviors.The research objects of quasi-experimental are 4 classes,two as the experimental classes,and the other two as comparative classes,and experimental classes use the Ziggurat Model to improve autistic students' classroom participation,while comparative classes are in accordance with the original teaching program to carry out teaching.We judge whether the model can promote education effect through measuring students' classroom performance and interview teachers who participated in the study.The following results were obtained:(1)In study one,researcher completed the work of determining the manual framework,revising the Underlying Characteristics Checklist,and analyzing and sorting out teaching strategies,the application manual of the Ziggurat Model for autistic students was completed.Through the procedures of expert test of manual framework,reliability and validity analysis of the checklist,quantitative evaluation(sending feedback form to teachers)and qualitative evaluation(interviewing teachers)of the content of manual,the overall scientific nature of the manual is guaranteed.(2)In study two,according to the visual analysis and C statistics,it was concluded that the occurrence of classroom problem behaviors of three autistic students had significant differences between the baseline period and the intervention period,and there was a significant decline in the late intervention period compared with the early period,indicating that the model had good educational effect in the case study.(3)In study three,pre-and-post-test and paired sample t test were conducted on the subjects in the experimental group and the control group,and it was found that the students in the experimental group showed significant improvement in "performance of listening to lectures,performance of independent work,organization and planning,obedience and cooperation"(P < 0.01),but the improvement was not particularly obvious compared with the control group;through interviewing with teachers,we could know that the model helps teachers to choose and combine various teaching strategies conveniently and effectively,but there are many limitations and problems in group implementing,mainly due to the heavy workload,unfamiliar with the tools and difficulty in implementing some strategies.It shows that the application of the Ziggurat Model in group implementing has a good prospect,but more research and efforts are needed to further popularize the model.Based on the above results,the researcher proposes the following Suggestions for the future teaching application of the Ziggurat Model:(1)Keeping on refining the contents of the manual.Not only correcting the deficiencies of the manual,but also adding more specific teaching cases,optimizing steps of the model and the teaching strategies.(2)Expanding the application scope of the model.The Ziggurat Model should not be limited to classroom teaching,but can be integrated with the long-term and shortterm goals of students with autism into their daily teaching life.We even can try to extend to other teaching situations and other types of students' teaching practice.(3)Teachers should keep learning.The degree of teachers' mastery of teaching strategies is a necessary guarantee for the effective implementation of the Ziggurat Model. |
