Research On The Educational Countermeasures For The Improvement Of The National Commonly-used Language And Characters Competence Of Minority Adults

As an inter-ethnic common language of the Chinese nation,National Commonlyused Language and Characters(Standard Spoken and Written Chinese Language,simplified as “National Language”)is an important carrier of the spirit and culture of the Chinese nation,as well as a fundamental force to unite different minority groups of China.The promotion and popularization of National Language has always been the main intentions of China's language policy.Facing the strategy of Poverty-alleviation and the construction of the Community Consciousness of the Chinese Nation in the new era,National Language education is particularly important.The Ministry of Education and other departments have repeatedly stressed the importance of promoting this education.Especially in the areas where ethnic-minorities gather,due to the delay of social and economic development,the support for external conditions and facilities of National Language education is in lack,the internal motivation of learners isn't wakening up,and there exists many difficulties in promoting National Language competence of minorities.In the meanwhile,it has become a consensus that intelligence increase helps povertyalleviation while proficiency in Putonghua matters in increasing intelligence.Based on the perspective of sociology and pedagogy and relevant theoretical tools,this research studied the status quo of implementation of National Language education for minority young and middle-aged farmers and of language competence of the very group in the “Three Prefectures” areas(county A in Nujiang and County B in Liangshan)by means of literature,questionnaire,interview and case study,induced the main problems,and discussed the educational countermeasures for the improvement of the National Language competence of minority farmers thereafter.This research consisted of six parts.The first part was a brief introduction to the research background,purpose,significance,research content,key and difficult points,research status,core concepts and research design.The second part was a general review of the history of National Language education for adults in the past hundred years.By combing the historical development of Chinese language and character education,it showed that Chinese had been the common language of communication in Chinese for a long time;and the historical experience of National Language education for adults was summarized.The third part was about the theory of National Language education for minority farmers.From the perspective of empowerment theory,Bourdieu's practice theory and Krashen's monitor theory,this part discussed the basic attributes of National Language education for minority farmers in China.The fourth part was about the analysis of the implementation of National Language education for minority farmers in the “Three Prefectures” areas and the summary of the existing problems.This part used questionnaire,interview and other research methods to reveal the current problems of this education from macro-level design,meso-level organization to micro-level implementation.The fifth part was based on the practice theory to analyze the factors which influenced the improvement of language competence of minority farmers from the three aspects including the external field,the field itself and the field actors.The sixth part combined empowerment theory,monitor theory and the research findings of this paper,and put forward the educational countermeasures of National Language competence of minority farmers in the “Three Prefectures” areas.