The Mistaken Causes, Learning Obstacles And Countermeasures Of Probability And Statistics Questions In Senior High School

From 2015 to 2019,the probabilistic and statistical test questions of college entrance examination are closely related to the national economic and social development,scientific and social progress,production and living reality.By setting up real problem situations,the students' ability to analyze and solve problems flexibly with the knowledge they have learned is examined.In probabilistic and statistical questions,we should reduce the steps of data preparation stage,adopt the strategy of shifting the center back,shift the focus of examination back to data analysis,understanding,finding rules and reducing complicated operations,highlight the ability of understanding and using mathematical thinking and methods,and guide students to develop their ability from "question solving" to "problem solving".However,from the point of view of the score of probabilistic and statistical questions from 2015 to 2019,the results are not optimistic.In recent years,in national exam paper,the difficulty of probabilistic and statistical answers is increasing year by year.Probabilistic and statistical questions are becoming more and more comprehensive,practical and innovative.Facing such an important knowledge plate,teachers feel more and more difficult to teach,students feel more and more difficult to learn,students feel that no matter how hard they work,no matter how many exercises they do,the college entrance examination questions are often new,students do not know how to answer,anyway,they often make mistakes,this seriously damaging the enthusiasm of students in learning probability and statistics,so that the development of students is constrained.How to use the class time to change the learning status of probability and statistics plate,so that students can get rid of theobstacles in thinking,get out of the shackles of probability and statistics,and achieve greater progress and development.This requires mathematics teachers to study the causes of error and learning obstacles,and formulate corresponding countermeasures to guide classroom teaching,so as to achieve the purpose of improving students' ability and teaching effect.By consulting literature,interviewing,conducting questionnaires and other methods,combined with SOLO classification and evaluation theory and Polia problem solving theory,this paper studies the causes of typical probabilistic and statistical errors,students' learning obstacles and countermeasures,it is concluded that there are six reasons for errors in probabilistic and statistical questions: knowledge errors,calculation errors,method errors,reading question errors,answering errors,lack of basic mathematical problem solving ability.According to statistics,there are 4 kinds of learning obstacles in probability statistics for senior high school students: probability and statistics are closely related to real life,but students are lack of social life experience at present;teachers' inadequate knowledge of probability and statistics;teaching of probability and statistics requires certain teaching resources,but some schools lack of corresponding teaching resources;senior high school students' learning probability and statistical emotional obstacles.The purpose of finding problems is to solve them,this paper gives solutions from the teacher level and the student level,and takes 21 st question from a national exam paper in 2019 as an example to explain how teachers should teach and how students should learn.