| China is still a large agricultural country with a large number of rural population recently.How to improve the livelihood of farmers,promote the continuous increase of farmers' income and improve the living standards of farmers are an important task of the "three rural" work.With the rapidly development of China's economy,the great convenience of transportation and communication,the improvement of urban-rural relations,the social activities of farmers become more active,the space of social interaction is further expanded,especially the speed of spatial transfer of rural labor force is accelerating,and the scope of spatial transfer is expanding.The boundary of villages and towns has been broken,and the communication space of farmers expands outward.The rural social network has also greatly changed.Rural social network is not only the carrier platform of farmers' interpersonal communication,but also the field of their life and production.Therefore,social network always has had an important impact on the real life and production activities of farmers.However,with the continuous development and change of rural social network,how does social network affect the livelihood of farmers,and what kind of practical impact it will have on the livelihood of farmers? These are issues t needed to be researched urgently.This article analyzes the impact of social networks on farmers' livelihoods based on field survey data from the farmer questionnaire survey conducted from 2018 to 2019,combined with statistical and measurement methods.Specifically,first,design a questionnaire based on the survey objectives and conduct pre-investigation,then adjust the content of the questionnaire and conduct a formal household survey.Secondly,the rural areas of Pingliang and Baiyin of Gansu Province were used as the research area,and the representative farmers in the counties,cities,and districts were selected to better reflect the overall situation of farmers in the region.Finally,through the stata15.0 software,using econometric models to study the impact of social networks on rural households' livelihood income,the following research conclusions are obtained:1.The research area of this paper is located in Pingliang and Baiyin of Gansu Province.The rural population accounts for a relatively large proportion,which is much higher than the national average.In 2019,the rural population accounted for 39.40%,Gansu Province's rural population accounted for 51.51% in 2019,and Pingliang,Gansu Province accounted for 58.02% of the rural population in 2019.The rural population in Baiyin,Gansu Province accounted for 46.70% in 2019.2.The overall household livelihoods and social networks of farmers are at a low level.The average age of heads of rural households is generally higher,reaching 54.34 years,and the average length of education is only 5.37 years.The main sources of household income are migrant workers and livestock breeding,which account for 38.22% and 37.98% of total income,respectively.Among the total family expenditures,medical expenditures account for the highest proportion,accounting for 36.73%,while marriage,funerals,and weddings account for 11.54% of total expenditures.The number of family and friends is basically less than 10,and the frequency of relatives and friends walking is relatively low,most of which are not more than 4 times / year.The use of smart phones and the use of social software(WeChat,QQ,etc.)only accounted for 62.28% and 50.30%,respectively.However,only 52.09%,53.89% and 65.27% of the farmers have high levels of participation in village problem resolution,village activity participation,and trust in village team leaders.In general,the livelihood level and social network level of farmers are still at a low level.3.The number of immediate family members of a farm household is significantly negatively correlated with the income of the farm household and has the greatest impact on middle-income households.The number of friends who can borrow money in social networks,the frequency of walking with relatives,the frequency of walking with friends,and the level of participation in village collective activities will not have a significant impact on the income of farmers.4.The cost of moving relatives and friends is significantly positively related to the income of farmers.The more the cost of moving relatives and friends,the more beneficial it is to increase the income of farmers.The rural family social network is a network of relationships seen by family and friends,and China pays attention to polite exchanges.Whether it is visiting or visiting each other,it requires a certain amount of expenditure when walking,which can strengthen the relationship between each other.Thereby enhancing each other's feelings and increasing the exchange of effective information,which can create more employment or income-generating opportunities for each other.However,for low-income rural households,the excessive cost of moving relatives and friends will cause an increase in expenditure,thereby reducing family income.5.The cost of marriage and funeral is not conducive to the increase of farmers' income,especially low-income farmers.The research shows that: the expenditure of marriage and funeral will reduce the income of low-income households.In rural areas,many people often have relatives or friends with each other,or people in the same village,because of their face,they have to pay as they please.The whole year's gift money expenditure accounts for a large part of all consumer spending,but often many families do not have the income of gift money,resulting in the decrease of income.Therefore,it will have the greatest negative impact on low-income families.Based on the above conclusions,relevant policy recommendations are made:At the national level,it is recommended that relevant departments thoroughly understand and study the positive impact of rural social networks on the livelihoods of farmers,attach importance to the positive role of social capital,and incorporate social network capital into the development strategy for farmers to increase income and income.Actively play the role of grassroots organizations in rural areas,establish various platform organizations guided by the government and led by the village collective,and provide farmers with a suitable flow and interaction platform.Encourage farmers to actively participate in the construction of these organizational platforms,and vigorously promote the exchange and interaction of farmers.Continue to strengthen the construction of mobile information networks and transportation infrastructure in rural areas to promote the development of farmers 'livelihoods,reduce the gap between urban and rural areas,and expand the scale and level of farmers' social networks.For farmers,it is recommended that farmers expand the scale and level of social networks and encourage farmers to actively participate in various village-level organizational activities.Strengthen the relationship between relatives and friends,increase the exchanges between relatives and friends,to achieve the purpose of maintaining the level of social networks,and increase employment and entrepreneurship income opportunities.Correctly and rationally treat the customary culture of wedding and funeral banquets,do what you can,resolutely resist unreasonable sacrificial behaviors,and reduce spending.At the same time,farmers should actively play their active role as part of social networks. |
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