Study On The Visual Attention Characteristics Of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder In Different Emotional Stimulation

Autism Spectrum Disorder(Autism Spectrum Disorder,ASD)is increasing globally every year,according to analysis report published by centers for disease control(CDC)in 2020:3 to 7 years old children,the prevalence climbed 54:1from 58:1 in 2018,it by 10%.There are more than 2 million autistic children under 14 years of age in China.there is no effective medicine to treat autism,it only can be treated with long-term educational interventions.Studies have shown that 30%to 60%of children with autism have attention deficit,which prevents them from paying attention to a specific object in a certain period of time.Among them,visual attention is an important way for human body to perceive and obtain external information,which has an important impact on individual cognitive learning and interpersonal activities;emotion is the general name of a series of subjective experiences.It is a combination of physiological and psychological states resulting from a variety of complex feelings thoughts and behaviors.However,it is an important ability to understand emotions to infer the psychological state from the facial expressions of others.Therefore,on the basis of previous studies,this study this uses the eye-tracking technology to explore the visual attention features and facial processing feature that autistic children view positive and negative video stimulation,and analyze the relationship between eye movement index emotional understanding with data f eye movement,so as to provide research support for the selection of visual attention intervention methods and materials for autism children.The current eye-tracking study explores how individuals with autism(N=40,from 2 special educational schools in Wuhan)and typically developing children(N=40,from kindergarten)preferentially attend to positive and negative video,uses a two-factor mixed method experimental design.The type of children in the experiment is an inter-subject variable.The emotion category is an in-subject variable.The electroencephalogram and eye movement indicators of children while they are being induced by videos are dependent variables.Explore the visual attention characteristics of autistic children under different emotional stimulation.specific research conclusion is as follows:First,in the positive and negative emotional stimulation,the basic eye movement index of whole video stimulation and the eye movement index of interest area,emotional type main effect significantly,children type main effect significantly,which is in the positive emotional stimulation,autistic children to positive more attention to the positive video;Compared with typically developing children,autistic children pay significantly less attention to videos of positive and negative.By analyzing the average gaze time of autistic children on the stimulus video,the interaction between character's type and emotional type is significant,which is under the negative emotional stimulation,typically developing children pay more attention to the video than children with autism,and in positive emotions video,the gap of total fixation duration between typically developing children and autistic children is small.Second,on the fixation of social area and non-social area,by analyzing the eye movement data of autistic children and typically developing children when viewing videos of positive and negative emotional stimulation,children with autism pay more attention to social areas than typically developing children and pay less attention to non-social area than typically developing children,which shows thatl autistic children prefer the non-social information and typically developing children prefer the social information.Thirdly,on the fixation of the eye area and the mouth area,during the process of watching the video of positive and negative emotional stimulation,the fixation count on the mouth area of autistic children was more than that on the eye area,and the fixation time is more than that on the eye area.By analyzing the eye movement data of autistic children and typically developing children about eye area and mouth area,it has been found that the fixation count and fixation time about eye area and mouth area of autistic are less than the typically developing children,and the fixation count and fixation time about eye areas of typically developing are more than the mouth area.Through the analysis of the performance in the experiment,the cognitive score autistic children is high under the positive emotional stimulation,and the correlation anal ysis of the performance data showed that,under the positive emotional stimulation,the performance data were significantly correlated with the eye movement data,that is,the longer the fixation time was,the higher the correct answer rate was.In the case of neg ative emotions,they were not correlated.Above all,emotional stimulation has important effects on autism children's visual attention,positive emotional stimulation can increase the gaze of autistic children about specific objective,it also have certain effect to the promotion of attention.It also provides a basis for special educators to select stimulating materials for their attention interventions.