| According to the international standard of aging society,China has entered the aging society since 1999,and the number of elderly population has been increasing gradually.Disabled elderly people cannot be ignored in the elderly population.In urban areas,the ways and resources of old-age care for disabled elderly people are diverse.Compared with the urban disabled elderly,the rural disabled elderly are mainly home-based cared.Family members become the primary caregivers for disabled elderly people in rural areas.However,since the children of the disabled elderly need to go out to work to meet the family's economic needs,the burden of caring for disabled elderly people naturally falls on the spouses,who will have serious care burden and pressure in the long-term care process.It is worth thinking deeply about the stress faced by the spouse caregiver and how to deal with it.In this study,from the perspective of social work,6 spouse caregivers of disabled elderly in M village,M county,Henan province were studied.On the basis of in-depth interviews,the stressors,stress cognition and stress coping modes of spouse caregivers were clarified,and the intervention on stress and coping of spouse caregivers for disabled elderly people was explored.The study found that six caregivers had financial,physical,psychological and social stress.The daily medical expenses of the disabled elderly were the main economic expenditure in the family.Female caregivers faced greater financial pressure than male caregivers.Heavy care tasks placed the spouse care-giver under constant physical stress.Spouse caregivers in the care process appeared anxiety,self-blame,irritability,depression and other emotions,resulting in serious psychological stress burden.Their own social interaction frequency and range gradually reduced,facing social pressure.But the emotional connection between spouse caregiver with the disabled elderly can make up for social loneliness.On the cognition of stressors,spouse caregivers had different cognitive evaluation for different stressors.Based on stress cognition,spouse caregivers took appropriate measures,including effective coping styles such as seeking external support,timely talking out,regulating their own emotions,etc.,ineffective coping styles such as shirking responsibility,withdrawing,obeying others,and mixed coping styles such as self-explanation and temporary shelving.Based on the above research results,from the perspective of social work,this paper explored three social work intervention models,namely cognitive reconstruction model,social support model and potential stress prevention model.The cognitive reconstruction model is to reconstruct the cognitive system of spouse caregiver so that they can correctly recognize the stress and adopt effective coping methods.The social support model is to help spouse caregivers link to the support network,so that they can obtain respite services,and at the same time to explore the support policies and obtain welfare support.The potential stress prevention model is to help spouse caregiver analyze potential stress and take appropriate measures to prevent further development of stress. |
