Research On The Current Situation And Dilemma Of Social Work Service For The Families Who Have Lost Independence

Under the dual background of urbanization and aging,the elderly account for an increasing proportion of the mobile population.More and more elderly people in our country leave the familiar environment of their hometowns to live in unfamiliar cities.After they came to the city,they encountered many problems in social adaptation,such as the discomfort of the living enviromnent,the conflict of lifestyle,and the difficulties of interpersonal communication.With the increasing number of elderly immigrants in the city,it is of more and more important practical significance to pay attention to the social adaptation of elderly immigrants in order to strengthen and improve its social support system.The research objects of this article are those "nanny-type elderly immigrants"who come to the city to help their children take care of their children and do housework.The author selected the A community of Jinan City as a research field,and took 15 members of the elderly immigrants from the village as the research object.The qualitative research method was used to conduct in-depth interviews with these 15 members of the elderly immigrants through the specific methods of case studies,combined with the communication with the community staff from life adaptation,environmental adaptation,relationship adaptation and psychological adaptation.In terms of aspects,the social adaptation and social support status of the elderly immigrants were thoroughly investigated.It is found that social adaptation of the elderly immigrants in the city is not optimistic.The main performances are as follows:In terms of life adaptation,there are big differences in lifestyles and consumption concepts between the elderly immigrants and their children.Some elderly immigrants still have the problem of intergenerational care pressure;in terms of enviromnental adaptation,The elderly immigrants are not used to buildings,and medical insurance reimbursement in remote areas faces many difficulties;in relationship adaptation,this article mainly focuses on family relations and social relations.Let's examine it from different levels.From the perspective of family relationship adaptation,the elderly immigrants and their spouses have to face the problem of forced separation,and they are emotionally alienated from their children.The main problem in social relationship adaptation is that the elderly immigrants have low initiative in community interaction and community participation.The interaction with peer groups is characterized by superficiality and looseness,and the neighborhood relationship is relatively indifferent.The identity of the elderly immigrants and the sense of community belonging have examined the psychological adaptation of the elderly immigrants and found that they generally have a low degree of psychological adaptation,and they cannot really adapt and integrate into the urban community psychologicallyIn order to help the elderly immigrants to solve the problems existing in social adaptation,the author explores the influencing factors from the aspects of the elderly themselves,families,communities and social systems.Self-factors mainly include personal character,self-health status and time of migration;family factors include whether to move with spouse and relationship between mother-in-law and daughter-in-law;At the community level,the cultural atmosphere of the community and the degree of specialization of the services provided by the community organizations are the reasons that affect the social adaptation of the elderly immigrants;the social system is mainly affected by the household registration system,and the elderly inunigrants cannot enjoy social welfare and preferential policies in the city.Social adaptation and social support are closely related issues.The study find that the emergence of the aforementioned social adaptation problems is closely related to the imperfection of the social support system.In order to help the elderly immigrants to better adapt to the community life,based on the theory of social support,the author puts forward several suggestions for the elderly immigrants to strengthen formal social support from three aspects:government,community and social work;The construction of informal social support systems such as members and families of Lao Piao ethnic group also gave some reasonable suggestions.It is expected that through the collaborative cooperation of formal and informal social support systems,a comprehensive and efficient social support network centered on the elderly immigrants will be built to help the elderly immigrants to better integrate into the urban community and improve their lives in old age quality.