The Effect Of Training Provided By The Government On Job Quality Of Rural Migrants

The employment of rural migrants has always been the focus of the whole society,which is not only related to the personal interests of rural migrants and their families,but also related to the stability and progress of the society and the economic development of the country.With the gradual breaking down of the barriers of urban-rural division system,a large number of surplus rural labor force entered the city to work,the number of rural migrants surged,and the rural migrants group continued to grow,they have made a great contribution to the rapid development of China's economy.However,due to the relatively low level of human capital of rural migrants,most rural migrants are engaged in labor-intensive industries,and the employment quality is not optimistic.In order to improve the employment quality of rural migrants,the government has implemented a series of training programs to improve the vocational skills of rural migrants.Therefore,it's worth nothing that how the training provided by the government influences the employment quality of rural migrants has become an issue.Theoretically,the training provided by the government has an incentive effect on workers and can increase the human capital of migrants and thus improve the employment quality of rural migrants.However,there is still no specific empirical evidence on the extent to which the training provided by the government improves the employment quality of rural migrants.We analyze the effect of training provided by the government on job quality of rural migrants based the data of the special survey on social integration of Migrants Population Dynamic Monitoring Survey in 2013 using the endogenous-switching model.Endogenous-switching model solved the problem of self-selection based on unobservable factors by constructing correlations between the unobservable factors that influence the decision-making of participating in the training provided by the government and the unobservable factors affecting the quality of employment.At the same time,the endogenous-switching model can also consider the heterogeneity of the factors affecting the employment quality of rural migrants participating in training provided by government and the employment of rural migrants not participating in training provided by government,and the estimation results are more general.We find that it will obviously underestimate the effect of training provided by the government on improving the job quality of rural migrants when neglecting correlation between unobservable factors affecting government training participation and unobservable factors affecting job quality;The counterfactual analysis shows that training provided by government makes rural migrants monthly income increasing by 8.05%to 10.61%,weekly work hours decreasing by 14.95%?17.31%,the possibility of obtaining stable job increasing by about 52.07%,the possibility of participating in urban endowment insurance increasing by about 42.15%,the job quality index increasing by 0.47?0.88 times.After taking sample selection and model setting into account,the result is still robust.The heterogeneity analysis results showed that,the promoting effect of training provided by government on monthly income was mainly reflected in the new generation rural migrants,and the mitigating effect of overwork in the old generation was stronger than that in the new generation;training provided by the government plays a stronger role in promoting the employment stability and pension insurance participation rate of rural migrants with low education than that of migrant workers with high education.The research results of this paper further clarify that training provided by the government can increase the income of rural migrants,alleviate the excessive labor situation of rural migrants,enhance the employment stability of rural migrants and ensure the employment welfare of rural migrants,so as to improve the employment quality of rural migrants on the whole.Therefore,in terms of finance,the government needs to continue to increase the investment in vocational skill training for rural migrants,expand the coverage of vocational skill training programs among rural migrants,and enable more rural migrants,especially the new generation of rural migrants,to get opportunities of vocational skill training.In the implementation of vocational skills training project,the government should be more combined with the actual economic development in different areas and carry out the vocational skills training which are more accord with the development of region industry.The government should constantly innovate the systems and forms of vocational skills training to improve the efficiency of skills training,so as to make rural migrants break through the bottleneck of human capital to meet the needs of continuous adjustment and transformation of economic structure with precise and efficient skill training.