The Deduction And Presentation Of National Spirit In Textbooks

The cultivation of national spirit,as the trend and requirement of all countries to inherit their cultural traditions and cultivate national identity in recent years,plays an important role.And the current implementation of the national spirit from the perspective of textbooks has become a hot topic in educational research.In the period of the Republic of China,as a period of great integration of Chinese and westem cultures,the civic textbooks at that time,as an important medium and tool to transfer civic knowledge and cultivate students' values,were of special characteristics.The study on the presentation of Chinese national spirit in the civil science textbooks of the republic of China is also the proper meaning of the cultivation of national spirit in the face of the world cultural collision and exchange,which is helpful for the compilation of the current moral education textbooks and the further development of national spirit education in China.Using the methods of literatire research,text analysis and comparative analysis,this study systematically analyzed the deduction and infiltration mechanism of the Chinese nation in three sets of civic textbooks of different periods from 1917 to 1934,and tried to put forward optimization strategies for the cultivation of Chinese national spirit and the design of moral education textbooks.This research is divided into three major parts and six chapters.In the first part,the research background and research status are summarized,and the textbook analysis framework of systematic analysis of textbook text selection,operating system analysis and comprehensive practice system analysis is constructed to establish the overall research idea of this research.The second part is the main part of the study.According to the above analysis framework,it analyzes the deduction of Chinese national spirit in the republic of China period(1917-1934)and the presentation of Chinese national spirit in citizen textbooks.It is founded that in 1917 published prefers to introduce national knowledge to help students establish the national idea,using the method of knowledge representation,the scope of the material are mostly limited to introduce the state and the political system,China,s political knowledge and so on,and adopting the formal teaching method,and practice settings system is also more concerned with textbook knowledge,the teacher evaluation and written test are used as the basic measurement methods;Published in 1924s the content of the " Citizen Textbook ofNew Academic System" still is given priority to national knowledge introduction,but begin to pay close attention to the cultivation of students' personal morals and ethics,and become more diverse in genre selection:a story,dialogue and so on,the formal teaching method is still adopted,and the practice settings system is also designed for thinking about the knowledge of the textbook content,the teacher evaluation and written test are judged as the main evaluation methods;“Model Citizenship Training Book" compiled by Lu Boyu in 1933 focus on the cultivation of students' personal morals and good behavior,and become more enriched and diversified on its contents,and it chooses a unit teaching style which has carried on the integration of the content,The way of practicing multidisciplinary integration teaching methods are adopted to improve the effect of teaching,and the practicing system settings begin to pay close attention to the development of the students themselves,and students,parents and teachers are all involved in the writing,practice record forms of evaluation way focusing on student's growth process.This paper also presents the inheritance and change of the Chinese national spirit from the relationship between the state and the individual,the society and the individual,and the person-to-person relationship.In the relationship between the state and the individual,based on Family-oriented thinking,Patriotism has experienced changes from loyalty to the monarch to loyalty to the country,following the concept of the world to the concept of the state;in the relationship between society and people,it focus more the construction of public morality rather than private morality;in terms of interpersonal relationship,it follows the harmonious social view of "treating people with courtesy" in the past,but emphasizes more on people's independence and autonomy.Based on the above research,the third part mainly summarizes and reflects on the deduction of Chinese national spirit,and puts forward Suggestions on the design and compilation of moral education textbooks from the aspects of text selection system,practice system,comprehensive practice system and evaluation method.