Adjustment Of The Family Planning Policy And Residents' Family Welfare

Since the late 1970 s,the Chinese government has implemented a very strict family planning policy,and its implementation has made outstanding historical contributions to China's economic and social development.However,with the change of China's population structure,negative effects brought by population policy begin to emerge.On the one hand,since 2012,the absolute value of China's labor force population began to decline,and the demographic dividend gradually disappeared.On the other hand,the proportion of the elderly population in China's total population is increasing,and the problem of population aging is becoming more and more serious.In order to adapt to the new population situation,the Chinese government began to gradually relax the family planning policy in 2013.However,the national bureau of statistics data show that China's birth rate did not increase with the opening of the birth policy.From the perspective of micro family welfare,this paper hopes to analyze the impact of changes in the number of family births after policy adjustment on family welfare,explain the current fertility status,and provide some policy Suggestions for the current and future adjustment of China's fertility policy.Due to the current release two child policy execution time is shorter,we lack of relevant research data,considering our country in the late seventy s just had a birth limitation "one-child" policy,therefore when carries on the empirical analysis,we will through the research of birth limitation policy adjustment impact on family welfare,reverse explain current let go of fertility policy adjustment will be what kind of impact on family welfare of residents in our country.In this way,based on the China Family Panel Studies in 2014,this paper uses family life satisfaction as the measurement of subjective family welfare.In order to control the endogenous problem of the number of family births,using the breakpoint regression design method,the sample data were divided into the treatment group affected by the family planning policy and the control group not affected by the family planning policy.The exogenous impact of policy adjustment on the number of family births was used to identify the causal relationship between the number of births and family life satisfaction.Through empirical analysis,this paper draws the following main conclusions :(1)the implementation of the one-child policy has significantly reduced the number of urban and rural families,and urban families are much more affected than rural families;(2)after controlling for characteristic variables such as children's achievement,parents' health status,family income and consumption level,the number of children has a significant negative effect on urban family life satisfaction,ranging from 9% to 12%.This conclusion is in line with the current situation of China's fertility.Currently,the cost of raising and education of children is too high,and the pressure of supporting the elderly is great.In addition,the housing price is too high,and the housing pressure is great.(3)after controlling for characteristic variables such as children's achievement,parents' health status,family income and consumption level,the number of children has a positive impact on the life satisfaction of rural families,ranging from 10% to 50%,but statistically insignificant.This is because our country rural families in raising a child's education,living consumption and housing economic pressure is far less than urban households,and a lot of rural children to participate in the work to subsidies home early,earlier makes the family economic situation improves,so in the analysis of the rural households birth number will have a positive impact on family life satisfaction.