| Statistics and probability involve all aspects of life,and schools also pay more and more attention to the teaching of statistics and probability.Textbooks are important carriers of statistics and probability teaching,which embody the requirements,educational concepts and certain cultural background of curriculum standards.With the development of the society and the updating of curriculum standards,textbooks are also constantly updating versions to meet the requirements of the times.By comparing and analyzing the statistics and probability contents in the second learning moment between California Version and PEP primary mathematics textbooks,the paper finds out the similarities and differences of the two versions,analyzes the reasons,and puts forward some suggestions for the compilation of this part of the textbook.In literature review,the paper first reviews the studies on statistics and probability in the curriculum standard,the studies on the statistics and probability in domestic textbooks,and the comparative study of statistics and probability between Chinese and American textbooks,and interprets the core concepts of statistics and probability and textbook comparison,based on these,combined with the characteristics of textbooks compilation and the psychological development characteristics of primary school students,the analysis framework of this paper is determined.In textbook analysis,based on the constructed analysis framework,the paper first briefly analyzes the teaching contents of statistics and probability in the second learning moment of the California Version and PEP textbooks from the arrangement system(introduction and chapters),curriculum contents,knowledge presentation(presenting position and mode)and after-class exercises setting(types,background and contents).In order to further compare the content differences between the two textbooks,with the "Single-line statistical chart" as an example,this paper makes a more detailed analysis from the arrangement system,positions presentation and text characteristics,and makes interviews with the users of the textbooks from the difficulty level,students’ learning situation,preparation for lessons and the use of calculators,and also summarizes the characteristics of the two versions of the textbooks.The main reasons of the above characteristics are as follows: the different curriculum standards;the differences between the two countries’ educational philosophy;the United States was deeply influenced by John Dewey,while China was deeply influenced by the Soviet Union;and the idea of multi-cultural design is different,such as China advocates the ideas of cultural equality,localization and globalization,while the United States advocates multi culture,free living so as to help minority students and disadvantaged groups succeed in their studies.Based on the comparison,the paper puts forward corresponding suggestions for the compilation of "statistics and probability" in primary school mathematics textbooks in China: strengthening the connection between textbooks and curriculum standards;strengthening the connection between material settings and social life;and appropriately increasing setting of the dimensions of after-class exercises. |
