Research On The Family Education Problem Under The Universal Two-child Policy

In order to realize the harmonious development of population and natural resources,economy,science and technology,etc.,China has strictly implemented the family planning policy since 1982.The strict implementation of the family planning policy for more than 30 years has effectively controlled the population,but the fertility rate has also decreased,and the demographic dividend has decreased.Also,the problem of population aging has increased.In order to solve the series of problems caused by the decline of fertility,China officially launched the policy of the alone two-child policy on December 28 th,2013,and implemented the universal two-child policy from January 1st,2016.The second child has a direct impact on the family structure.The arrival of the second child may cause the deviation cognition,emotion and behavior of parents,and the deviation emotion and behavior of the first children,which has direct or indirect impact on family education.Therefore,the family education problem under the background of universal two-child policy should receive widespread attention at all levels of society.Based on this,this study builds a model of the relationship among the cognition,emotion and behavior of parents and children in the context of the universal two-child policy,and explores the mechanism of parental cognition,emotion and behavior on the deviation behavior of the first child,as well as the intermediate role of cognition and emotion of the first child among them in order to explore the content of family education problem under the universal two-child policy and the reasons for it.This study uses SPSS22.0 analysis tools,as well as questionnaires,interviews and statistical analysis,based on cognitive behavior theory and social control theory,with parents and big children as the research object,from three levels including cognition,emotion and behavior.The research mainly draws the following conclusions: parents and the first child have certain deviations in cognition,emotion and behavior;parental cognition(excessive expectation and educational learning),emotion(preference for the second child)and behavior(castigation and effective communication)have a significant direct impact on the deviation behavior of the first child.Parents' excessive expectations,preference for the second child,and castigation would evidently exacerbate the deviation behavior of the first child,and the frequency of parental education and effective communication would evidently restrain the deviation behavior of the first child;the emotion of the first child(insecurity and self-centeredness)has a partial intermediary effect on the relationship between parental education learning,preference for the second child,castigation and the deviation behavior of the first child;the cognition of the first child(sense of inferiority and sense of responsibility)has a moderating effect on the relationship between the excessive expectation,effective communication and the deviation behavior of the first child.The more inferiority,the weaker effect of excessive expectation on deviation behavior of the first child.The more responsibility,the stronger effect of effective communication on deviation behavior of the first child.In response to the above research questions and conclusions,suggestions were made to parents,the first child and society to promote the positive and healthy development of education in two-child family.