The Study On The Decision-making Process And Influential Factors Of Professional Women's Second Child Birth In The Background Of Comprehensive Two-Child Policy

Fertility is about the population reproduction and the survival of human society.Its importance is self-evident.Population growth,economic development and the natural environment are inseparable from the guidance of the national population policy.Since the 1970s,China has begun to implement the "family planning"policy to promote economic development and social stability.The "family planning"policy,which lasted for more than 30 years,promoted the rapid development of the social economy and at the same time led to a rapid change in the birth level of China from high to low.The shrinking of the labor force caused by low fertility and the aging of the population have become increasingly prominent.The successive implementation of the "two children"policy to the "comprehensive two-child"policy has released the national fertility potential,which is the realistic need of China's population development.However,the active guidance of the birth policy has not caused the national fertility rate to rebound to a rational height.This phenomenon has attracted the attention and discussion of many scholars.Female fertility subjectivity and sustained high employment rate make professional women the focus of fertility research.Fertility leads to even more conflicts between women's "work-family",and the predicament and choices faced by professional women are worthy of attention and research.This paper will use the qualitative research method to study the 25-39-year-old professional women who have had one or two children,and take the social ecological environment theory as the research perspective,and use the two-child birth decision-making process as a research carrier to explore the factors that influence their decision-making and the dilemmas they will face.With the aim of social work intervention,the social worker help professional women overcome their difficulties and stimulate the behavior of second-child children of professional women,thereby improving the country's fertility level.This paper takes the Maternal and Child Health Hospital of N City in Jiangsu Province as the research space.The harsh fertility environment in Jiangsu Province and the birth restriction in the past two years will inevitably lead to large changes in the fertility environment of Jiangsu's two children.The factors of the two-child birth decision-making and the two-child birth predicament are more prominent and easy to study when the professional women are affected by the fertility environment.Through data collection and analysis,the paper has obtained the following conclusions:First,different factors in different fertility decision-making stages affect the decision-making of two-child births of professional women,and the factors affecting the fertility willingness of professional women include the individual level(fertility concept,birthing experience,personal occupation and personal time),family level(family members' fertility willingness,family economy,family care,family relationship,family time),social level(educational environment,birth policy),the realization of the two-child birth decision-making is the result of interaction with the individual,the family and society.Second,the decision-making predicaments of professional women's second child include:the loss of professional female subjectivity,the family conflict and emotional crisis,and the impact on personal development from the unequal employment environment and family environment.A child-friendly environment can be built for professional women through case intervention,community involvement and policy advocacy.