A Comparative Research On Social Class Upward Mobility Consciousness Of Post 90 Generation In China And South Korea

Nowadays,in the developed countries,the discuss of "how to rise social class" and consciousness about this became popular among young people,especially for those who have already entered the workplaces or are preparing to enter the workplaces.In South Korea,this is also a topic that most of the young people pay attention to,and it is also one of the major social and academic topics or discussions.In China,after having reform and opening,and fast economic development according to that,this is also one of the topics of concern to Chinese youth.At the same time,the employment difficulties of young people and the relative poverty problems caused by them have also became one of the biggest problems in social development.In view of this,this study focuses on this problem awareness,with 440 post 90 youth in China and South Korea as the subjects,empirically analyzes their views on the social class and their upward mobility,especially their expectations of upward mobility from their family backgrounds.At the same time,according to Pierre Bourdieu's theory of three types of capitals,this paper also analyzes the differences between Chinese and Korean young peoples' expectations from economic,cultural,and social capital factors,as well as their behaviors and willingnesses related to consciousness.The results of this study show that there is a big difference in social class upward mobility consciousness between two countries' post 90 generation youth.For the likelihood of getting a promising jobs,the likelihood of rising and developing their job positions,the likelihood of increasing their incomes,and the likelihood that they can improve their social status through "their own efforts",Chinese students' awareness is relatively positive,but Korean students' awareness is relatively negative.According to the demographic sociological variables,it is found that Chinese young women are more aware of class rise than men,while Korean young men are more aware of class rise than women.Based on the educational background,in both countries,doctoral students' upward consciousness is the highest.At the same time,based on the social level of undergraduate university,in China,the higher the social level of university have,the highter the awareness of students' rising stratum is.But in Korea,there is no obvious difference based on university level.From the perspective of intergenerational mobility awareness,there is a certain degree of correlation between parents' academic level,occupations and post 90 youth students' university level,job expectations.In the aspect of intragenerational mobility awareness,there is also a certain degree of correlation between students' academic level,university level and their job expectations,position expectations,and income expectations.And on the basis of Pierre Bourdieu's theory about economic,cultural,social capital,this paper finds that related to economic capital,the higher the annual income of parents and the more cars the family have,the higher the class consciousness the young students have in China.But in South Korea,only the amount of cars family have influences on the upward consciousness of young people.Related to cultural capital,in China,the higher the father's education,occupation level and mother's occupation level is,the higher the young people's upward consciousness is.Finally,in South Korea,the more social relations and connections their parents have,the higher the level of upward consciousness of youth have.In addition,the survey finds that most of the young people in two countries believe that their families' economic,cultural and social capital influence on their academic level and university level,and their future social status.They also believe that the families' economic,cultural and social capital have a greater impact on the social status of the children from the perspective of the social mobility in the whole society which they belong to.Finally,this paper argues that young peoples' consciousness of rising stratum is also closely related to their behavior and willingness.Their consciousness of rising stratum is directly related to their will to endeavor,current studying conditions,interpersonal relationships,and future marriage and fertility considerations.This study examines the differences in cognition and consciousness between Chinese and Korean youth in many dimensions.To combine the complex and multi-dimensional social structures of two countries,this paper uses Pierre Bourdieu's theory about three kinds of capital systemization to make a theoretical analysis of the youth's consciousness about social stratum rising,and finds out the similarities and differences of their consciousness.