Word Frequency Statistics And Commonly Used Words Analysis Of The Classical Chinese In Middle School And High School

To understand the meaning of words in the Classical Chinese is a prerequisite for understanding the meaning of the Classical Chinese,which is required in the latest Chinese Curriculum Standard for Compulsory Education and Chinese Curriculum Standard for Ordinary High School.However,one challenge in current teaching practice is which words should be emphasized to students.This thesis is focused on the general situation of words distribution of the Classical Chinese in middle school and high school,and compares the commonly used words of the Classical Chinese in middle school and high school with those in previous Chinese syllabus.In Chapter 1,we reviewed previous studies about the frequency of character and word in the Classical Chinese,the key points and teaching methods of words in the Classical Chinese.The research object of this thesis was also clarified from the reality of the Classical Chinese teaching in middle school and high school in this chapter,which are texts written in Classical Chinese form,that is,the ancient texts except for vernacular novels,the ancient drama scripts except for the spoken parts,and the modern works written in Classical Chinese form.In Chapter 2,we described the preparation work for frequency counting.We collected and checked out the electronic texts of the Classical Chinese in the latest 11 textbooks in middle school and high school,all of which were published by PEP and had been put into practice.We also classified these texts according to the learning stage,the style and the source age of time in which they are.As for word segmentation,first,we referred to some practices in previous studies on account of the fact that there is no uniform standard of word segmentation for ancient Chinese at present;then,in the controversial practice,we selected the proper ways of word segmentation according to two principles:the monosyllabic word prevails in ancient Chinese and the segmentation shouldn't destroy the integrity of word's meaning;finally,we pointed out ways of segmentation in homogeneous but heterogeneous language units in the Classical Chinese.The third chapter is about word frequency statistics of the Classical Chinese in middle school and high school from three aspects of the learning stage,the style and the source age of time.From the perspective of the learning stage,it showed that with the improvement of the learning stage,the statistics of texts in middle school descends consistently or increases consistently while the statistics of texts in high school changes in a zigzag.From the perspective of the style,it was reflected that texts in rhyme in high school become suddenly and comprehensively difficult compared to those in middle school.There is a generally close convergence in texts without rhyme between middle school and high school,but texts of the Book 2 in high school are more suitable for connecting with those in middle school.The word statistics from the perspective of the source age of time showed that there are texts of the Classical Chinese before the Eastern Jin Dynasty in each Chinese textbook in high school,but not always texts of the Classical Chinese after the Western Jin Dynasty.The Classical Chinese before the Eastern Jin Dynasty are most widely distributed among textbooks in middle school and high school.From all three perspectives,high-frequency words are relatively stable,but the style and the age of time affect the priority of high-frequency words.In Chapter 4,combined with the quantity of words'ancient meanings,we compared the top 556 words in list of frequency with words specified in the Full-time Chinese Syllabus for Ordinary High School(2002),the top 556 words in list of generality with the words specified in the Full-time Chinese Syllabus for Ordinary High School(2002).It showed that the commonly used words in textbooks are less related to the words in syllabus.In Chapter 5,we stated some reflections about the research process:to supplement the common classical words,to consider the content of annotations to the Classical Chinese and the difficulty of the Classical Chinese,to grasp different focuses of different Classical Chinese,and to analyze and infer word meanings in a transferable way.And in Chapter 6,we summarized the main work of this thesis.