The Influence Research Of Resident's Income And Expenditure On The Fertility Rate

The family planning policy has reduced the birth rate of our country and the decline in the burden of support has led to a rapid increase in per capita income and economy.However,in recent years,as the number of labor force populations has begun to decline,the trend of population aging in our country has become increasingly apparent.The lack of support burden and labor for the elderly has affected the economic growth in China.The country is also aware of this and has gradually liberalized its second-child policy.Its effectiveness is currently unsatisfactory.Therefore,it is necessary to explore the reasons for the low birth rate.This article first introduced China's population policy,and then simply adopted the ranking relationship between per capita disposable income,birth rate,and gender structure in different five provinces,and roughly concluded that the more affluent provinces,the lower the birth rate of the population and the more balanced sex ratio.Afterwards,comparing the difference between urban and rural areas in the ultra-birth condition and the difference in income status of different income strata within the rural area,it is found that the township with higher per capita disposable income has far fewer surpassing statuses than rural areas.The higher the rural income level is,the less the super-generation situation is.After comparing the population's birth rate with the per capita consumption expenditure of the five provinces and inflation,we found that the provinces with higher per capita consumer spending have lower birth rates,and the overall inflation and birth rate are negatively correlated.Afterwards,through the establishment of a theoretical model,based on the maximization of the parents' lifetime income,the parents decide whether to choose whether to have a child or not and how to have a child's birth time.Through Becker's theoretical model,the choice of the number of children is discussed.Through the theory,it is concluded that whether parents have children or not depends on the relationship between parental fertility returns and parenting costs;the choice of childbearing time depends on the self-investment and investment of children,and what combination can make them lifelong.Income maximization,since the increment of self investment income is decreasing,the comparison between the income of the self investment and the return of the child determines the parental fertility time;the choice of parental fertility quantity is based on the Becker child quality quantity substitution model,which depends on the unit time.The higher the opportunity cost,the higher the income,the higher the cost,and the birth of a new born child takes much longer than raising an existing child.As a result,the total time cost of childbirth for new children increases over time,so parental fertility tends to Decline in income increases,that is,the number of births decreases with income.In addition,using the utility model of Becker's model to discuss utility maximization,when the number and quality of children's prices increase,if the status of other commodities remains the same,it must be required to reduce the quality and quantity requirements for children such products,so that The increase in marginal utility offsets the increase in the price,so the increase in the cost of parenting suppresses the number of births.Finally,the use of ten provinces of relevant panel data for empirical analysis,and finally confirmed the correctness of the theory.Shows the impact of incremental income changes,consumer spending,inflation,sex ratio,housing area and other factors on the birth rate.It is proved that as the income increment increases,the birth rate will decrease;the negative correlation between per capita consumption expenditure and the birth rate,and the negative correlationbetween the inflation level and the birth rate indicate that the cost of expenditure will restrain the population fertility rate;the imbalance of the sex ratio will reduce the birth rate.The increase in housing area will stimulate the birth rate.For the problems of low birth rate and imbalance of population structure,the paper finally puts forward some suggestions for improvement: mainly for the poor,including measures such as increasing income,strictly controlling family planning,increasing penalties for super-birth,increasing education subsidies,and restraining the number of births.,And improve their fertility quality,so that the low-income class out of the intergenerational transfer of poverty,narrowing the gap between rich and poor;for other income class low birth rate,including improving the legal leave control work time,improve housing security,inhibit price growth,increase fertility Related social security public expenditures,reasonably controlling the scale of enrollment in universities and improving medical and health measures,stimulate the fertility desire of this group of people.In the end,the population structure was rationalized,and the aging population was eased.The quality of the population was improved and the gap between the rich and the poor was narrowed.