| With the development of curriculum reformation,the international comparison of teaching materials has become the focus of educational research.Exercise is an important part of the teaching materials,its quality directly affects the study quality and ability of the students.So the comparison of exercises has become an important sub topic of textbook comparison.The mathematics curriculum in our country started late in the field of probability and statistics,which lead to the poor experience in its exercises writing,therefore,it is necessary to draw lessons from other countries by comparing.About the selection of the textbooks,the Chinese PEP edition high school mathematics teaching material is universal and representative,the CPM edition high school mathematics teaching materials is a model of education in American because of its "Exploration",so this study selected the exercises of the chapter"Probability" which include " Classical models of probability " and "Geometric models of probability" from these two textbooks as research objects.First,this paper sorted out the document literature,and summarized the current situation of research on exercises at home and abroad by the methods of literature analysis.Next,combining with the comparative analysis,content analysis and statistical analysis,this paper made a comparative analysis for these two versions of exercises in surface(including presentation,quantities,types,illustration contexts)and deep(difficulty),and drew the following conclusions:The similarities:A majority of the exercises are with background and closer to students’ real life;Both property are based on "Migration and Application";The composite difficulty is consistent.The differences:The ways of the presentation in CPM are more various;There is a big difference between the number of exercises—the total number of exercises of CPM edition is about 2.5 times more than PEP;The types and distribution of exercises have their own uniqueness and personality,the PEP edition is based on calculation,While the CPM edition is based on short answer questions;The exercises in CPM have a large number of illustrations whose species are very rich;There is a big difference among each factor in difficulty—Except for"Migration and Application",the PEP version focus on "Imitation";Its types of the contexts relatively single,and most of the them are imaginary;The knowledge that the exercises involves is also single.But the CPM edition is just contrary.Then,this article interviewed with three teachers through interviews,and drew a conclusion that was consistent with the previous conclusion,furthurmore,dug out the shortcomings of the teaching materials.For instance,we found that some teachers do not require the use of technology,so this kind of exercises is only the "furnishings" in the actual use of teaching materials.Finally,combining with the text comparison,the conclusions of the interview and the principles of exercises writing,this paper put forward some proposals for the compilation of domestic textbooks exercises:First,enrich the ways of the presentation,revolve traditional revision;Second,attach importance to process-evaluation,strengthen the reflection function of the exercises;Third,enrich the types of the contexts and enhance the validity;Fourth,appropriately increase the number of illustration contexts,promote the effect of visual communication;Fifth,strengthen the training of teachers’ information technology,and popularize the value of information technology.Some of the recommendations supplemented by the case were described.Moreover,the author put forward some prospect in the quantity of exercises,research latitude and methods. |
