Public Policy And Private Transfer

The aging of China's population is becoming more and more serious,and it has become one of the fastest aging countries in the world.With the per capita income being lower,it has entered the aging society ahead of time,showing a tendency of "not getting rich before the age".Due to the migration of young laborers to towns in rural areas,the aging of the population is more severe than that of towns,and the problem of aging is even more acute.The function of traditional old-age pension mode in rural areas in China has weakened,on the one hand,due to changes in the family population structure and the transfer of young laborers to cities and towns,leaving their elderly parents alone to stay in rural areas,the elderly can not get the appropriate care,weakening of family support function;On the other hand,due to declining agricultural income,the relative return of land has continued to decline,and the role of land pension has weakened.Therefore,compared with the urban areas,the social pension security is even more imperfect and faces more severe pension pressure.In order to solve the serious old-age problems in rural areas of China,the State Council in September 2009 in the country began to implement the new rural social pension scheme(hereinafter referred to as "the new rural insurance"),the government to actively implement the the new rural pension scheme work,the new rural insurance coverage continues fast,cover rate increased rapidly,and in the end of 2012,it achieved full coverage on the system.In 2014 the State Council issued the "Opinions on Establishing a Unified Basic Endowment Insurance System for Urban and Rural Residents",decided to combine the new rural insurance and urban residence insurance into a social endowment insurance for urban and rural residents.With the implementation of the rural social pension insurance system,the rural social security system is gradually perfecting,old people in rural areas receive corresponding pension income,the economic situation is changing,and the economic transfer and interaction activities between the rural family members will also change accordingly.Based on the above background,this paper takes he new rural pension scheme as an example to study the new rural social security policy mainly from the perspective of rural family intergenerational transfer.At the same time,the change in the intergenerational transfer of rural families may be due to the impact of the new agricultural insurance on the decision-making of the elderly's labor supply.Therefore,in order to further explain the change of intergenerational transfer of rural families,this paper also studies the impact of new rural social pension scheme insurance on rural elderly labor supply decisions.In this paper,we use the data of China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey data(CHARLS)in 2011 and 2013,and use fuzzy regression discontinuity method(FRD)to analyze the influence of new rural pension scheme(NRPS)on the intergenerational transfer of rural family and labor supply decisions of the elderly in rural areas.The results of the study show that:the rural elderly receive the pension "crowd in" the economic support of adult children for the elderly,and increased the economic support and time care of elderly people for their grandchildren.In order to explore the reasons for the change of intergenerational transfer of rural families,this paper further studies the change of labor supply decisions of the elderly,and finds that the rural elderly labor supply is transferred from the non-agricultural labor in the field to the local agricultural labor.It is the change of elderly labor supply decision that they have more time to help their children to take care of grandchildren,so the time transfer of old people to grandchildren increases significantly,while the children out of the intergenerational transfer of "exchange motivation",increase the economic support to elderly parents,namely to increase economic support for parents in exchange for parental help take care childcare and with the help of the household chores.This paper not only studies the impact of the new rural social insurance on private transfer among family members,but also studies the reasons for the change of intergenerational transfer by studying the impact of the new rural pension Scheme on the labor supply decision of the elderly,so that the research content more in-depth and comprehensive.At the same time,the research conclusion proves that the new agricultural insurance policy did not reduce the elderly labor supply,reduce their children's economic support for parents,but it promotes the intergenerational transfer and economic activities between rural families,which is conducive to optimizing the allocation of domestic economic resources and the flow of time resources.The relevant conclusions have implications for the new rural insurance policy and the urban and rural pension insurance policy to alleviate the pressure of rural family on pensions,and play the common role of social endowment and family support.