| The rapid process of urbanization in China and the proposal of integration between rural and urban education bring about the campaign for urbanization of rural education.Nowadays,there are four ways to realize the urbanization of rural education: rural students go to towns and cities for schooling;urban elite schools provide teaching resources for rural schools;government builds education zones;and last but not the least,rural schools transform into urban schools in economically developed areas.However,the transformation of rural schools is not easy or smooth,the transitional schools find themselves in five predicaments: the schools teach to the test and lack their running features;the principals are incompetent and school management is backward;brain drain reduces the quality of teacher resources;the loss of able students affects the quality of teaching;the teaching resources are relatively poor and the school soft power is weak.It is difficult for the transitional schools to get out of the predicaments on their own.Their transformation needs the guidance and support from the government.Therefore,whether the government can play its educational governance role properly is the key to the successful transformation of rural schools.Basing on the theories of educational governance at home and abroad as well as the domestic researches of the urbanization of rural schools,this paper takes Changgang Junior High School of Huadu district,Guangzhou as an example to analyze the problems of government educational governance in the transformation of rural schools in Huadu district,Guangzhou and puts forward relevant measures.The rural schools of Huadu district,Guangzhou have the following characteristics: the schools’ hardware condition is better,but the level of teaching modernization and informatization is lower;the teaching crew are liberal quantity but low quality;student numbers are steady,but the student situation is complex;the utilization of nearby excellent educational resources is low;and there is negative influence of “schooling is useless”.The government leads the transformation through administrative means and provides enough fund to improve teaching hardware and the transitional schools carry out the transformation by themselves according to their actual situation are the basic modes of rural schools’ transformation in Huadu distract.Take Changgang junior high school for example,the Huadu district government promotes the transformation of Changgange junior high school from the following aspects: changes the superior authorities of the school and accepts it as a city school;adjusts the enrollment of the school and permits it to enroll city students on a random computer-generated waiting list;increases the funds for running the school and improves its hardware and facilities.From the example of Changgang junior high school,three main educational governance problems of the Huadu district government can be found: first,the government doesn’t provide effective guidance of school development plan for the transitional schools;second,the school’s teaching management is affected by excessive government intervention;last,the government overlooks the construction of the teaching staff of the transitional schools.Basing on the problems,I propose four suggestions: first,according with the trend of regional educational development,the government should provide proper guidance of school development plan for the transitional schools;second,the government should promote the modernization of the school governance system and capacity by giving more power of school management to the transitional schools;third,the government should promote high quality educational resources sharing among schools so as to help the transitional schools to integrate into city schools;last but not the least,the government should set up a systematic social participation mechanism for school education and guide the transitional schools to exploit social educational resources. |
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