Dai Zhen’s "Qi-Hua" Theory And The Comparative Study Of The "Qi-Hua" Theory Between Dai Zhen And Zhang Zai

Dai Dongyuan was a famous representative of the Qian Jia School,his critical thinking on the Cheng Zhu School opened a new way for the development of Confucianism in the Ming and Qing dynasties.Based on the way of textual interpretation and research of classics,Dongyuan researched and analyzed the in-depth reasons of the core concepts of Confucianism just like “Tao”,“Qi”,“Resonation”,“Nature” and so on to search for the true meaning of Confucius and Mencius.The article discusses Dongyuan’s “Qi-Hua” theory,and taking Cheng Zhu’s “Nature is Resonation” proposition as the starting point,focuses on the relationship between “Resonation” and “Nature”,what revealing from Dongyuan’s “Qi-Hua” theory.In the end,we compared Dongyuan with Hengqu,who was the same advocate of the “Qi-Hua” theory,to explore the joint proposals and the differences of internal thought among the advocates of the “Qi-Hua” theory.The article is divided into three chapters,every chapter takes the study of Dongyuan’s “QiHua” theory,the study of the relationship between “Resonation” and “Nature” on the perspective of “Qi-Hua” theory,the comparative study of the “Qi-Hua” theory between Dongyuan and Hengqu.Firstly,in the introduction part,we made a simple comb to the development vein in the history of Confucianism of “Resonation” and “Nature”,and briefly reviewed the current academic research on the relationship between “Resonation” and “Nature” in Dongyuan’s theory.On the whole,in current academic circles,the academic research on Dongyuan’s thought is more abundant and comprehensive,but at present,there has been no direct research achievement for the relationship between “Resonation” and “Nature” in his inner mind.On the basis of summarizing formers’ “Qi-Hua” thought,the first chapter of the article studied the logical starting point of Dongyuan’s whole ideological system,which is the “Qi-Hua” theory.“The way of Heaven” is the process of “Qi-Hua” population,“The way of Heaven” can access “The way of human being” by the “Nature”.Therefor,all things of human’s life and live are all manifestation of “Tao”,thereout,the rationalization of human’s emotion and desire is build up.By the theory expounding of “Tao is Qi’s generation”,Dongyuan challenged Cheng Zhu’s metaphysical heaven-worship,and targeted the value into the fact.The second chapter is the main part of the article,which discussed the relationship between “Resonation” and “Nature” on the perspective of “Qi-Hua” theory specifically.In Dongyuan’s thinking,the “Resonation” could be understood as “Separate Resonation” and “Methodical Resonation”: From the view of Qi’s generation,the “Resonation” which in human and things is the “Separate Resonation”;And the “Separate Resonation” converts into the “Methodical Resonation” that in human and things.In Dongyuan’s thought,the “Nature” references the “Temperament Nature” that from Qi’s generation,the content of Dongyuan’s “Nature” covers “Desire”,“Passion” and “Knowledge”.Because of the inevitable “Methodical Resonation” is summarized by human nature’s natural properties,so the relationship between “Resonation” and “Nature” can be summarized as “Resonation is being-in Nature”,and can also be summarized as “the nature end up with the necessity”.The third chapter focuses on the comparative between Dongyuan and Hengqu.Although they are advocates of the “Qi-Hua” theory,their concrete form are different.Hengqu distinguished between “Tai-Xu”,what is the original state of Qi,and the unnatural state of “Qi-Hua”.This distinction laid the foundation for separating “Nature” into the born nature and the temperament.On this basis,“Resonation” is more of the “heavenly principle” what represents conform.Because of Hengqu regarded the born nature as the original state,so “Resonation” and “Nature” were in dominance hierarchy of cultivation,what mains exploring thoroughly the logos and the intrinsic character.In the end,I want to emphasize that,the difference between Dongyuan and Hengqu doesn’t impede the content they all emphasize as the advocates of “Qi-Hua”,that was process exceeds entity,and this is also the core of “Qi-Hua” theory.