The Ethical Awareness In Marai Sandor’s Works

Marai Sandor,a Hungarain writer,whose works have rich ethical connotations.The introspection on the moral atmosphere of the times is the basis of his literary creation.First of all,The Christian faith was challenged in Europe at the end of the 19 th century.Nietzsche had exiled God,which caused a loosening of the moral restraint established by the authority of God.Accordingly,marai focuses on thinking about how people should adhere to ethics in the "God is dead" world.Secondly,marai grew up in the declining Austro Hungarian Empire.He saw that the frustrated liberals in the political field turned to the art world to seek escape.They gradually put the aesthetics of the non-moral category at the top of the value sequence.marai disagreed with the idea that aesthetics is the source of value.He criticized the tide of immorality,also againsted hedonism.His literary creation shows his tendency to follow traditional ethical concepts.marai’s emphasis on ethics not only stems from his family heritage—He felt the virtue strength from his family,but also comes from his ethical influence in literature reading and his sublation of some moral concepts.Marai’s works exhibit unique ethical spirit.We can find the influence from Stoic’s philosophy.marai sought ethical guidance from ancient philosophy,which is closely related to the crisis of religious belief.He attached great importance to the individual’s exploration of "self".He considers that people should consummate their own education,looking for their role and mission in the world,healing the disease of the soul with their own reason,and try to look at life from the perspective of transcendence.He thinks highly of great importance to the friendship between people,and advocated maintaining friendship by virtue of loyalty,selflessness,tolerance and tolerance.He reminds readers to be alert to anger and to remedy social chaos by improving their moral cultivation.He believes that individual and collective are inseparable.He paid attention to the sense of belonging of the individual in his novel creation,and thought that the people with the sense of belonging could use the collective criterion to restrain themselves more consciously.Also,he emphasized individual responsibility consciousness.He not only created many responsible novelcharacters,but also wrote his responsibility to the motherland in non-fictional works.In order to avoid rigid preaching in his works,marai uses unique narrative methods.He is good at using the Bible,Odyssey and other literary classics in his works,which makes the inner space of his works become wider.However,marai did not accept the thoughts of the classics entirely,but understood and interpreted the classics based on his own life experience.He also engaged in dialogue with the ethical concepts in the classics in the process of transformation.In addition,he incorporated musical elements into his narration.In the novel,he cleverly reveals the moral connotation of music,and also draws lessons from the structure of sonata,which reflects his pursuit of a harmonious order.Marai has always explored the moral roots of Hungarian social crisis in his literary creation,and looking for ways to shape individual virtues.Also,he is committed to combining narrative art with ethical demands better.In this process,marai constantly strides forward to his ideal with his melodic voice:Build a bridge between aesthetics and ethics.