| Northwest China is the largest area in China and one of the cradles of Chinese civilization.The economic development and cultural construction in the region have always attracted national attention.In recent years,with the country’s proposal for the construction of the Asia-Europe Continental Bridge and the "Silk Road Economic Belt",the Northwest region has gradually become a prominent location as a bridge between the eastern region and the Central and Western Asian countries.With the support of national policies,the industry is bound to usher in huge development opportunities.Based on the data of A-level tourist attractions in Northwest China,the article first analyzes the overall tourism development in Northwest China and the current status of tourism development in various provinces and regions using GIS spatial analysis methods and mathematical statistics methods.The current situation of the spatial pattern is analyzed;the number evolution of different types and different levels of tourist attractions in Northwest China is analyzed based on the data of Grade A tourist attractions in 2006,2010,2014,and 2018.Finally,the space of tourist attractions in Northwest China in the four periods Analyze the structural evolution and make suggestions for the optimization and development of scenic spots in the area.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)The number of scenic spots in the northwest region has been increasing since 2006.The spatial distribution types of scenic spots in the northwest region and the provinces and regions in the four periods are basically agglomerated.The development of scenic spots in the area is mainly divided into two stages: the expansion stage of scenic spots before 2010,the number and distribution of the development of scenic spots are greatly expanded,and the stage of forming the spatial structure of scenic spots after 2010,the concentration of scenic spots is gradually strengthened and the spatial structure is gradually formed.The distribution of scenic spots in the northwest region coincides with the important "two horizontal and one vertical" traffic lines throughout the region,mainly concentrated in the southeast region,and developed to 2018 to form a distribution pattern that extends along the traffic lines from east to west and radiates north and south.The overall spatial evolution of the scenic spot is basically stable,the center of gravity of the distribution shifts to the southeast,and the distribution direction of the overall scenic spot is northwest-southeast.(2)Shaanxi tourism develops the fastest among the provinces and autonomous regions,with the largest number of scenic spots.Gansu and Xinjiang are relatively stable,and development in Ningxia and Qinghai is relatively slow.Among the five provinces,Shaanxi has the highest concentration of scenic spots,followed by Xinjiang,Gansu,and Qinghai,and Ningxia is weak.The scenic spots in Shaanxi are mainly distributed in the Guanzhong Plain area,and the scenic spots in Gansu are distributed in the shape of “L” in the central and southeastern provinces.The western region is distributed in an "E" shape.(3)The two types of scenic spots in the four periods are always agglomerated.There are always more human scenic spots than natural scenic spots.The two types of scenic spots in Shaanxi,Gansu and Xinjiang have a larger increase,while the types in Ningxia and Qinghai Scenic Spots are less.The number of mountains,religious culture,folk customs,culture and arts in the sub-class scenic spots has increased significantly,and rivers,special landforms and red cultural scenic spots have developed rapidly.Humanities scenic spots have a high degree of spatial agglomeration,but the degree of agglomeration is weakening year by year,while natural scenic spots are the opposite.The overall spatial evolution of the two types of scenic spots is basically stable,and the center of gravity of the scenic spots shifts to the southeast.Shaanxi natural scenic spots are concentrated in the central and southern parts,while humanistic scenic spots are concentrated in the central part.Gansu natural scenic spots are clustered east of Wushaoling,and the development of humanistic scenic spots is relatively balanced.Qinghai’s humanistic scenic spots have developed rapidly,and the distribution of natural scenic spots has always been relatively concentrated.The two types of scenic spots in Ningxia are mainly distributed in Yinchuan and Shizui,and the distribution range has not been significantly expanded.Xinjiang’s two types of scenic spots are continuously spreading from the provincial capital city of Urumqi and its surroundings to the northern,central,and southern and southern border areas of northern Xinjiang.(4)Among the scenic spots of all levels,3A-level scenic spots develop rapidly,followed by 4A and 2A-level scenic spots,and the increase in the number of 5A and 1Alevel scenic spots is relatively small.The distribution of high-level scenic spots is always more balanced,and the concentration of ordinary-level scenic spots is always higher.The spatial evolution of the scenic spots at both levels is relatively stable.Although the center of gravity of the distribution appears to be deflected to a certain extent,the whole is shifted to the southeast.The distribution range of high-level scenic spots is obvious from northwest to southeast,and the expansion from south to north is small.The overall distribution area is smaller than that of ordinary scenic spots.Ordinary-level scenic spots continue to expand from north to south,with a large distribution range.The number of different levels of scenic spots in Shaanxi is the largest,and the development of Gansu and Xinjiang is relatively balanced.The difference in the number of scenic spots of Ningxia and Qinghai is not obvious.The spatial distribution types of scenic spots in Shaanxi,Gansu and Xinjiang are basically agglomeration types,while the scenic spots in Ningxia and Qinghai have changed from uniform distribution to agglomeration distribution.(5)At present,the main problems in the development of scenic spots in the region: the overall development of scenic spots isn’t coordinated,and the significant differences between provinces;hot spots are highly concentrated,and the radiation linkage ability is poor;the number of scenic spots varies greatly,the seasonality is strong,and the level of resource development is low;high-level and high-quality scenic spots are less distributed,and brand driving power is weak.Optimization suggestions: rely on national strategic planning to give play to regional advantages and strengthen regional strength;break through inter-provincial barriers and strengthen cooperation within the region to improve the overall level;change the development model and strengthen the upgrading of scenic spots and build a multi-center development model;strengthen resource development and optimize the type structure to promote the overall development of the region;expand brand propaganda,cultivate the tourism market and accelerate the development of tourism economy. |
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