On Kiekegaard's Criticism Of Ethical Existence To Aesthetic Existence

Husserl pointed out that the scientific crisis of forgotten about the living world since the 19 th century is essentially a crisis of human nature.Kierkegaard lived in the Hegel era ruled by scientific rationality,and he abandoned the objective truth and explored an freedom and spirit survival path,which was an attempt to save humanity from alienation in scientific inevitability.Kierkegaard divided the life's way into three stages: aesthetic,ethical,and religious.The upper and lower volumes of Either/Or respectively show the survival prospect of aesthetic and ethical stages.The epicurean outlook on life of the aesthete in the upper volume is the initial exploration stage after Kierkegaard abandoned the objective truth system of Hegel's science.He advocated the liberation of individual freedom and pursued individual happiness and enjoyment,but still did not break away from the dependence on objective conditions,his theme is the mood that changes with the situation,a fleeting illusion,which is lack of personality seriousness.According to the different themes of aesthetics,the life of the aesthete can be chiefly divided into three kinds of enjoyment concepts: aesthetic enjoyment,saddest enjoyment and reflective enjoyment.The ethical person — — Judge William in lower volume of Ether/Or does not depend on external conditions,and he respond to the requirements of ethical obligations by serious personality,freedom and the self.He made a critical response to each of the three aesthetic enjoyment attitudes.First of all,the ethicists explain that the real sorrow is the sorrow for their own guilt,and the aesthetic sorrow is the sorrow for the false and weak.Secondly,by explaining that getting married is a creative activity that gives meaning to one's earthly nature,the criticism points out the aesthetic person's reflective enjoyment of preserving the idea of erotic love in memory.Finally,by illustrating the beauty of ethical life,it criticizes the aesthetic enjoyment of art by the aesthetician.The beauty of the external world is just like a dream,which isfar away from the real existence of human beings,while people's own creative activities give the real and lasting beauty of this world.All criticism ends up in the distinction between abstract pride and courageous humility,which is inherent in the Christian spirit,which presupposes the abstraction of the infinite,but which takes the ethical obligation of survival as its task.How to transfer from abstract pride to humble courage is the starting point of Kierkegaard's religious stage.In brief,the criticism of ethics on aesthetics is actually the human nature confrontation between humble courage and abstract pride.Through this criticism,Kierkegaard shows some internal principles to improve the aesthetic existence,and lay the groundwork for the religious stage;then,he shows the survival possibility of recovering freedom and the living world and saving the alienation of human nature from the way of abstract thinking.