| The passive is often used in English,which is a common phenomenon.The use of the passive structure is beneficial to the exchange between the agent and the patient,which results in a certain semantic emphasis on the patient.The passive voice is commonly used in English.It is used when it is not necessary or possible to indicate the agent of an action or necessary to highlight the patient of an action.However,in Chinese,the usage rate of the passive voice is quite limited,and English passive sentences cannot be directly translated into Chinese ones.According to Chinese expressions,when translating English passive sentences,we have to translate flexibly in many cases.Therefore,how to correctly translate English passive sentences so that readers can understand them better is a question worth discussing.This practical report is selected from Chapter Two and Chapter Three of American History and Its Geographic Conditions by Ellen Churchill Semple.This book mainly introduces the influence of geographical conditions on American history,focusing on the rivers of North America in early exploration and settlement as well as the influence of the Appalachian barrier upon colonial history.In the process of translation,the author is most interested in the translation of passive sentences,since they are used more often in the text.Therefore,on the basis of summarizing predecessors' experience,combining with this translation practice and supported by Nida's functional equivalence theory,the author concludes three translation strategies of English passive sentences: translated into Chinese passive sentence,translated into Chinese active sentence and translated into Chinese non-subject sentence.The author hopes that by studying the translation strategies of passive sentences,readers can have a deeper understanding of the passive,so asto better understand the information the author wants to convey,and use passive sentences more rationally in the future. |
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