| Self is a cognitive structure.This structure regards the individual’s cognition of himself as a knowledge structure,which is complex and highly organized.Self-schema,as a part of self,refers to some characteristics: those characteristics that the individual feels have a high degree of certainty and contain a specific meaning of self;self is a social structure,and symbolic interaction theory is the generation of self-social structure Table theory,which puts forward the concept of "mirror self",and mainly uses this concept to emphasize the important role of the attitude and view of others to the formation of self-concept when individuals communicate with others.In the social structure of self,reflective self-evaluation refers to an individual’s cognition of the formation of attitudes and views from others.Previous studies have pointed out that the very key and important connotation of Chinese self-concept is "self in relationship".Reflective self-evaluation is also closely related to the formation of individual dependent self,and its core also involves the relationship self in interpersonal communication.Social environment plays an important role in individual self-development,and it mainly affects the formation and development of self through the following three kinds of evaluation methods: first,self-evaluation,i.e.how individuals view themselves;second,reflected self-evaluation That is,how the individual thinks others think of himself,that is,how the individual perceives himself to others;third,the actual appraisal of others,that is,what the other’s actual view of the individual is.In the process of self-concept formation,individuals first imagine how others will view and evaluate themselves(i.e.reflected self-appraisals),and then form "mirror evaluation",which is transformed into self-evaluation and inco rporated into individual self-concept.Reflected self-appraisals plays a direct role in the formation of individual self-concept.Previous studies on the individual’s memory dominance effect on important others in junior middle school,senior high school and college respectively showed that the individual only had good friend’s memory dominance effect in junior high school,and there was no mother’s memory dominance effect;there are both good friend memory advantage effect and mother memory advantage effect in high school;there are both mother memory advantage effect and good friend memory advantage effect in College.In these above studies,the researchers all take a specific stage of individuals as subjects,and the results do not have continuity.Previous studies have also shown that C hinese people have dependent selfconstruction,and self-concept will be incorporated into different components with the development and change of social environment,and will develop and change with the stage of individual development.Specifically,the individual self-concept often contains other important elements of others,such as mother,father,good friend.With the growth of age,other elements such as lovers,children and spouses will also be included in the self-concept.In a word,most of the previous researches on reflected self-appraisals only focus on a specific stage,and there is no systematic study on the development of the memory superiority effect of reflective self-evaluation.Reflected self-appraisals plays an important role in the formation of self-concept,and self-concept is developmental.What are the developmental characteristics of memory superiority effect of reflected self-appraisals in different ages? How do these characteristics affect the for mation and development of individual self-concept? This is the problem and innovation of this study.In order to explore the above issues,this study takes reflected self-appraisals as the starting point to explore the developmental characteristics of the memory effect of individual reflected self-appraisals in different stages,and then to explore the characteristics of other elements and time-varying changes in individual self-concept.For this reason,this study selected three different age groups: junior middle school students,senior high school students and college students for experimental research.Specifically,there are three experiments in this study.Those three experiments,except for the different age stage of the subjects,the experimental ma terials,experimental design and experimental process are the same.In this study,three experiments were designed with 3(mother’s reflected self-appraisals processing,good friend’s reflected self-appraisals processing,unfamiliar students’ reflected self-appraisals processing)× 2(remember / know)to explore the memory effect of individuals on different people in different stages.The dependent variable was the reaction time of learning stage and recognition rate of recognition stage.The results are as follows: the results of intimacy showed that the intimacy of individuals with friends,mothers and classmates showed a decreasing trend(Experiment 1 and 2);the intimacy of individuals with friends and mothers was significantly higher than that of classmates(Experiment 3);the recognition rate(R index),the recognition rate of friends was significantly higher than that of classmates,and there was a good friend reference effect.The recognition rate of mother and friend was significantly higher than that of classmates,and there were mother reference effect and friend reference effect(Experiment 2 and 3).The three experiments in this study draw the following conclusions:(1)the reflected self-appraisals memory effect from different people’s kinship has the same memory dominance effect as the self-reference effect,Individuals in different stages of development have different memory dominance effects on reflected self-appraisals of different people;(2)Chinese people have dependent self-construction,and the importance and intimacy of different people to individuals of different ages show a trend of cross age change :at junior middle school,good friend are more connected than mother near self-component exists in individual self-concept.In senior high school and college stage,mother and good friend are both stable in individual self-concept.and components of Oriental subjects are developmental and mainly reflected in the development of mother. |
