A Study Of The Ethical Forms Of "Love" Based On The Thoughts Of The Pre-Qin Scholars

"Love" is a philosophical concept with rich meanings and complex pluralism.This thesis is based on the consequentialism,and understands love as the "favour" between the universal everything in the broad scope.Under this premise,we try to use the new perspective--"ethical forms" to enter the study of love,and focus on the researching background--the thoughts of Pre-Qin scholars.The theoretical hypothesis or theoretical goal of this thesis to construct the "forms" of love: "the metaphysical love"-"the love for pursuing profits"-"the love for fulfilling obligations".Firstly,"the metaphysical love" based on Taoist philosophy is natural,equal,and super-utilitarian.The philosophical charm of "the metaphysical love" lies in transcending the social discipline and moral norms,as well as the humanity’s instinct and moral character,flowing between the universal everything naturally.However,this mysterious love is hidden and easy to be neglected because of lacking the necessary connections with social reality.Secondly,"the love for pursuing profits" based on the legalists’ philosophy is the love that is sought for interests.The greatest charm of this love is the deep connection with the humans’ instinct and the secular life.In the process of maximizing the interests of the subject of love,it is necessary to use altruistic utility as an indispensable intermediary.In addition,since there is a contradiction between the altruistic utilities and the self-interested motives in this love,it has a strong tendency to hypocrisy.Finally,"the love for fulfilling obligations" based on Confucianism and Mohism is love of fulfilling moral obligations.Because the moral obligation is not only the a priori requirement and the internal requirement of the human beings(the Confucian obligation),but also the experienced requirement and external requirement of the social interaction practice(the Mohists’ obligation).Therefore,the construction of this love needs to carry out the necessary integration of Confucianism and Mohism.This love has the spiritual qualities of humanitarianism,extensiveness and absoluteness,and metaphysical foundation provided by the ultimate basis-"Tian".On the other hand,this love is deeply rooted in the "ethical" Chinese civilization,so it can suit Chinese people’s moral life most.More importantly,in the evolution of the history of civilization,"the metaphysical love","the love for pursuing profits" and "the love for fulfilling obligations" are not only the love of the school.In other words,they transcend "the love of school",and grow to be the three-dimensional "forms of love".