An Ethical Survey Of The Development Of Modern Science And Technology

Science and technology coexist with human civilization.It is not only an important part of human society,but also an inexhaustible power to promote the sustainable development of human civilization.It may also be a executioner threatening human survival and destroying human civilization.As described by the British writer Aldous Leonard Huxley in the future new world of 2532,science and technology not only creates great material wealth and technical convenience for human beings,but also increases their spiritual and psychological control and destroys their individual freedom.Looking back at the ethical crisis and moral challenge caused by the modern technology,we can’t help asking a series of ethical questions about the relationship between science and technology and people: does science and technology make people evolve or degenerate? Does technology make people happy or unhappy? Are people masters or slaves of technology? Is modern science and technology in ethical dilemma? Where is the future of modern science and technology?This article will take the thinking and answer of these questions as the clue,and carry on the ethical examination to the modern science and technology development from four aspects.The first part is to reflect on the ethical implications of scientific and technological activities.Through the analysis of Huxley’s living conditions in the "beautiful new world" under the extremely developed science and technology,this paper puts forward ethical questions about the development of modern science and technology,and then analyzes and answers the reasons for the ethical value of science and technology activities from the two perspectives of the form of realization and the subject of development.On this basis,from the three aspects of the relationship between man and nature,man and himself,man and society,this paper further expounds the specific dimensions and implications of the ethical value of scientific and technological activities.The second part is a comprehensive review of scientific and technological ethics at home and abroad.In this part,the author makes a comprehensive and systematic theoretical investigation on the thoughts and historical evolution of science and technology ethics of China,the West and Marx and Engels,and then provides theoretical basis and guidance for the following dialectical analysis and effective overcoming of the ethical dilemma of modern science and technology development.The third part fully reveals the ethical dilemma faced by the development of modern science and technology.The ethical problems caused by the development of modern science and technology have become an unavoidable serious fact.This part,based on a comprehensive analysis of the historical logic of the relationship between science and technology ethics,reveals the ethical problems faced by the development of modern science and technology from the three aspects of the relationship between man and external nature,man and his own nature,and man and intelligent machine,and then analyzes the ethical problems of modern science and technology from the aspects of human recognition level,cultural values and social development combined with ideological theory and practice Causes.The fourth part demonstrates the solution to the ethical problems in the development of modern science and technology.The cooperation of science and technology and ethics is an inevitable requirement to safeguard the fundamental interests of human society.In order to solve the ethical crisis in the development of modern science and technology,we should take Marx’s and Engels’ scientific and technological ethics as the guidance,improve the system of scientific andtechnological ethics as the key,strengthen the construction of scientific and technological subject as the basis,build a scientific and perfect solution mechanism,and promote the sound development of modern science and technology.