The Relationship Between Family Socioeconomic Status And Children's Attention: The Moderating Role And Intervention Of Self-control

As one of the most important developmental tasks for children,attention development has an important impact on children's academic performance,future career development and social adaptation.As an important development background,family socioeconomic status has a profound impact on individual development.Some studies have shown that the influence of family socioeconomic status on children's development is not absolute,but that some individual's trait level or the role of certain factors in the environment will have an impact.Such as the individual's own age,grade,race/ethnicity,personality traits,and some environmental factors,such as school location and social support,suppresses the negative impact of the family socioeconomic status on children's social development.Self-control,as an individual's ability,also has a profound impact on the development of children.Therefore,the current research takes self-control as a protective factor of individuals to explore the moderating effect of self-control between family socioeconomic status and children's attention,and further reduces the adverse effect of family socioeconomic status on children's attention by intervening children's self-control ability.Study 1 explores the relationship between family socioeconomic status and children's attention,and the moderating role of self-control.Using the subjective and objective family socioeconomic status questionnaire,self-control questionnaire and d2-R attention test,608 children from grade 4 to grade 6 were measured.The results show that the objective family socioeconomic status can positively predict children's attention,the predictability of subjective family socioeconomic status on children's attention is not strong.Self-control has a moderating effect between the objective family socioeconomic status and children's attention,which is manifested by the fact that the objective family socioeconomic status has a stronger predictive power on the attention of children with low self-control.Study 2 explores the effects of self-control training on children's self-control and attention.The mixed experiment design of 3(group: cognitive training group,grip training group,control group)×2(test stage: pre-test,post-test)was adopted.The stroop task and the grip task were selected,54 children from grade 4 to grade 6 received twoweeks of self-control training,sand painting group as the active control group.The preand post-training tests included the stop-signal task,the self-control questionnaire and the d2-R attention test.The results of the study showed that children's self-control improved significantly after training.Compared with the control group,children in the cognitive training group and those in the grip training group performed better on the stop-signal task,the self-control questionnaire,and the d2-R test.Overall,participants in the cognitive training group performed better than those in the grip training group.Combined with the results of study 1 and study 2,the main conclusions of the current study are as follows: Self-control moderates the influence of objective family socioeconomic status on children's attention.Two kinds of self-control training methods,cognitive training and grip training can improve the children's self-control ability,which leads to the improvement of children's attention.