The Bitterness Metaphor In The Context Of Chinese Culture

Metaphor is the process by which individuals form and understand abstract concepts through specific sensory experiences,which are embodied and cultural.The former provides the basis for the formation of metaphors,while the latter provides the possibility for its plural expression.Taste is an important sensory ability of human beings.The process of expressing and understanding abstract concepts with taste experience is taste metaphor.In Chinese culture,the cultural connotation of bitterness is particularly rich.Therefore,this study intends to explore bitter metaphors in the context of Chinese culture.First,it provides empirical evidence for the embodiment and cultural nature of bitter metaphors,and secondly,from the perspective of psychology,the impact of bitter culture on the national spirit of the Chinese nation is hardworking Confirmed.Previous studies on taste metaphors mainly have the following problems.First,bitter sadness metaphors are consistent in the language expression of different cultures.However,in the natural state,bitterness stimulus usually induces individual disgust rather than sadness.There is a mismatch between taste experience and language expression,and this phenomenon is currently lacking related research.Secondly,the bitter metaphor in Chinese culture has its own uniqueness."Bitterness" has both the negative meaning of "difficulty and suffering",as well as the "successful" meaning derived from suffering,such as "Hardship increases status".In these two metaphors which are opposite but related,exactly what role taste experience and culture play has not been studied at present.Based on the above issues,this study specifically explores the role of taste experience and culture in the formation of bitterness metaphors through five experiments from the perspective of sadness and hardship-success in bitterness metaphors in the context of Chinese culture.First,due to bitterness The cross-cultural universality of the sadness metaphor and its close connection with physical experience,so three experiments to verify the embodiment of the sadness metaphor of bitterness;secondly,due to the the uniqueness of hardship-success metaphor in Chinese culture Therefore,through two experiments to verify the embodiment of the hardship metaphor of bitterness and culture of success metaphor.The main conclusions of this study are as follows:(1)Bitterness stimulus can increase the processing speed of vocabulary by individuals,and can suppress the individual's feelings of sadness,but it can promote the sadness of others.(2)The bitter sadness metaphor does not show embodiment at the cognition level of sadness words,and there is embodiment at the level of sad emotional experience.(3)The bitterness stimulus can reduce the individual's expectations of the protagonist's success probability in the story.(4)The activation of a bitter positive cultural meaning can increase an individual's expectations of the protagonist's success probability in the story.(5)Bitterness ordeal-success metaphor first shows the bitterness of the metaphor of ordeal,and also the cultural nature of the success metaphor of bitterness.(6)The successful metaphor of bitterness is developed on the basis of the metaphor of ordeal.The latter is mainly affected by embodied experience.Culture provides the possibility of the success metaphor of bitterness.This is consistent with the study of linguistics.