| Kant is not a pure enlightenment thinker,but the answer to the question of "Enlightenment" in Kant’s Enlightenment thesis and his critical philosophy system contain rich enlightenment spirit.From the perspective of "human",Kant made a profound summary and examination of the problems of "rationality" and "freedom" in the age of enlightenment,transcending other enlightenment thinkers of the same era and pushing the modern Western Enlightenment thought to the peak.In the context of modern European Enlightenment era,Kant’s Enlightenment thesis explains the definition,requirements,ways and prospects of enlightenment,and condenses the rich connotation of his enlightenment thought.The real significance of Kant’s enlightenment is the process that people dare to use rationality to obtain freedom.Kant’s Enlightenment thought and his critical philosophy system are inseparable as a whole.From the perspective of Kant’s critical philosophy,we can demonstrate Kant’s Enlightenment from the perspectives of epistemology,ethics and politics.In the field of knowledge,Kant initiated the revolution of thinking with his "Copernican Revolution",laid the foundation of the universal validity of scientific knowledge,put forward "artificial natural legislation",provided the methodological premise for the rational application of "subjectivity" in the enlightenment;in the field of practice,Kant changed the moral law from "heteronomy" to "self-discipline",expanded the extension of the enlightenment,and realized the enlightenment In the political field,Kant introduced the issue of freedom into reality,proposed the establishment of a republic state to ensure the realization of human rights and freedom,and tried to seek institutional guarantee for enlightenment.After Kant,philosophers reflected on the Enlightenment from the perspectives of culture and modernity.Typical representatives include Cassirer’s thought of cultural enlightenment,Hokheimer’s and Adorno’s thought of Dialectics of enlightenment and Foucault’s reconstruction of modernity of enlightenment.In modern society,enlightenment is still an unfinished business.Kant’s Enlightenment thought still has good reference significance to modern society. |
