Research On Folk Beliefs And Their Changes In Multi-Ethnic Living Areas

With the development and transformation of society,the traditional national culture is constantly changing,and folk belief,as a unit in the multi-ethnic culture,is also facing the impact of various factors.At present,there are few studies on the folk beliefs and their changes in multi-ethnic mixed areas,and materials are needed to supplement.Huashi community in northeast Guizhou is a typical multi-ethnic mixed area with diverse ethnic composition and profound folk belief culture.In multi-ethnic communities,daily communication is the process of cultural interaction.The folk beliefs in the huashi community are gradually forming regionally-specific beliefs in long-term interactions,including nature worship,ancestor worship,Guanyin and Guandi beliefs,and Nuo beliefs.The article focuses on methods such as participation in observation,individual interviews,and literature research.It comprehensively uses field survey data and literature materials to conduct in-depth research on the content of folk beliefs in the huashi community and the changes since the "Cultural Revolution",and specifically analyzes the four types of huashi community.Types of folk beliefs,and summarize the characteristics and causes of folk belief changes.The article is divided into three parts,including the introduction part,the body part and the conclusion part.The introduction part introduces the reasons and significance of the topic selection,research review,research methods and characteristics,research focus and difficulties,definition of relevant concepts and field investigation.The main body is divided into seven chapters.The first chapter introduces the basic overview of the huashi community,including population,physical geography,historical evolution,customs and habits,and analyzes the distribution pattern of multi-ethnic mixed settlements in the huashi community.Chapter 2introduces the landscape of folk beliefs in the huashi community,details the division of the four types of belief sites,and the functions,nature,conditions and channels of the three types of clergy,and analyzes the multiple symbiosis of the folk beliefs in the huashi community Dimensions and foundations.The third chapter mainly analyzes the content of nature worship from the local people's historical memory,oral legends and ritual practice,and discusses the changes of nature worship from the aspects of sacrificial rituals,space,objects,people's psychology and behavior of nature worship,etc..The fourth chapter focuses on the sacrificial activities of Xinhua Mountain Temple,elaborating on the legends of the two gods of Guanyin and Guandi,the main functions of the gods,the group of believers and their sacrificial behavior,sacrificial rituals,etc.,and shows two types of gods The changes of belief in the ritual ritual and ritual mode.Chapter 5 introducesthe content and changes of ancestor worship.First,it shows the content of ancestor beliefs as a whole,and the case studies show the activities and significance of ancestral ancestor worship,and then the relationship between ghost concepts and ancestor worship and local people.Describe the emotional differences between ghosts and ancestors,and finally discuss the changes of ancestor worship from the time and space conversion of ancestor worship and the impact of external environment changes on sacrificial activities.Chapter 6 introduces the content and changes of Nuo beliefs.First,it outlines the main content of Nuo Tang opera in the community,and uses the votive ceremony as an example to show the progress and meaning of Nuo ritual,and then sort out the performance of Nuo opera since the Cultural Revolution.The general context of the development,and finally analyzed the changes in Nuo ceremony and Nuo performance.Chapter VII summarizes the characteristics and causes of the changes in folk beliefs based on the analysis of the contents,causes,and motivations of the four folk beliefs in the huashi community.The summary section briefly reviews the characteristics and causes of the changes in folk beliefs,and further explains the characteristics of "regional consistency","ethnic differences" and "multiple symbiosis" presented by local folk beliefs.Through research,it is found that the characteristics of the folk belief changes in the huashi community mainly include the following: First,in the content of the faith,it shows or revives,or simplifies,or disappears,and in the long-term interactive exchanges,the local folk beliefs also gradually Presenting a multi-symbiosis situation,the most obvious is the coexistence of different gods in the same place of belief;the second is the development of multi-ethnic and multi-subject independent beliefs,cross-community cooperation,and the main body of belief The weightlessness of the age group and the gradual differentiation of emotional attitudes;thirdly,in the characteristics of faith,entertainment and secularity are gradually enhanced,while sacredness and mystery are gradually weakened.The reasons for the changes in folk beliefs are mainly related to the continuous changes of individual psychological needs,national religious policy adjustment,economic development,the transformation of people's ideological concepts and the improvement of knowledge,the development of science and technology,multi-ethnic interaction,and whether folk beliefs conform to the spirit of the times or meet People's psychological needs are related.