A Study On The Ninth Theater Economic Commission During The Anti-Japanese War(1940-1942)

After the outbreak of the War of Resistance Against Japan,the Japanese army carried out economic aggression in addition to brutal military aggression against China.In order to deal with the economic warfare of the Japanese army,the Military Commission carefully decided to establish theater economic committees in various theaters.The Ninth Theater Economic Committee was formally established in Hengyang in June 1940 under the guidance of the Executive Yuan.The Economic Committee for the Ninth War Zone lasted for one and a half years from its establishment to the end of January 1942.During the year and a half,the Ninth Theater Economic Committee took a series of measures on the economic issues in the theater to meet the needs of the war and the nation.The background of the establishment of the Ninth Theater Economic Commission is mainly analyzed from two aspects,one is the military aggression and economic aggression of the Japanese army.Before the Anti-Japanese War entered a phase of stalemate,Japan mainly adopted military means to reduce mostof the important provinces into enemy bases for invading China.After the enemy and I entered the stage of strategic stalemate,the Japanese army was more inclined to engage in economic warfare to achieve its purpose of invading China.Japan mainly uses methods such as destroying financial markets,plundering wartime materials,and seizing factories to disrupt wartime economic development and accumulate capital for its strategy of "supporting war through war." On the other hand,China’s wartime economic development has a series of problems,such as lack of effective management,unreasonable allocation of resources,and incomplete institutions.In order to achieve victory in the War of Resistance Against Japan and the founding of the country,the Military Commission decided to establish a theater economic committee to manage the economic affairs of each theater.The establishment of the Ninth Theater Economic Committee was a tortuous process.After many proposals and discussions,the Ninth Theater Economic Committee was established in June 1940.The Ninth Theater Economic Commission is a wartime economic institution.It is temporary,and its main members are temporarily dispatched.An economic organization centered onCheng Qilu,the chairman of the committee,is responsible for coordinating economic issues in the Ninth Theater.Under the guidance of the Executive Yuan,the Economic Commission has stepped up the blockade of the enemy ’s economy to establish anti-smuggling networks,adjust financial facilities to facilitate exchanges,establish financial networks,snatch shopping funds to promote production,establish a material network,and unblock transportation to establish a transportation network,making the economy in the ninth theater more adaptable to wartime The need for development.The specific economic activities of the Ninth Theater Economic Commission include strict anti-smuggling,adjustment of finances,purchase and storage of materials,and promotion of production.It is divided into two parts here for detailed explanation.It mainly describes the problems in anti-smuggling,finance,materials and production when the Economic Commission was established in the Ninth Theater,and the specific countermeasures adopted by the Theater Economic Commission.As an economic institution in the theater of war,the Ninth Theater Economic Commission has responded to the call of the central government and made a lot of efforts for the developmentof the wartime economy.Accelerating the economic blockade and anti-smuggling activities of the enemy,reducing the risk of material outflows to the enemy;stabilizing the value of the legal currency and improving the stability of the currency;strengthening the purchase and storage of materials,and reserving resources for the founding of the Anti-Japanese War;accelerating the production and development of agricultural industries and mines To alleviate the shortage of materials during the War of Resistance against Japan;improve transportation conditions and facilitate production and material transportation.However,there are still flaws in the implementation of the policy,such as: the enforcement of laws and regulations is not in place;the issue of bank notes issuance;the snap-up of supplies is not in place;and problems in production.Therefore,the Economic Commission of the Ninth Theater District must use a dialectical and objective perspective to view and evaluate.