A Study On The Poetry Of Adherent Guo Duxian In Ming Dynast

Guo Duxian was an adherent poet of the late Ming and early Qing dynasties.When the Ming Dynasty replaced the Qing Dynasty,he shaved his hair to become a monk.Guo Duxian not only had a great reputation in Hunan area because of his status as a adherent,but also wrote a lot of poems with unique style in the early Qing Dynasty.This paper takes “Suoan’s poetry anthology” as the main text and literature,supplemented by the collected poetry materials,and systematically combs,analyzes and summarizes Guo Duxian’s poetry creation.It also discusses his life and friends,analyzes his mind after the change of dynasty,traces the origin of his poetry,sums up the characteristics of his poetry,determines the status of his poetry,and summarizes the influence of his poetry.In addition to the introduction and conclusion,the paper is divided into four chapters.The first chapter summarizes Guo Duxian’s life,friends making and his poetry creation.Guo Duxian’s poetry creation can be roughly divided into two periods at the age of 46 when he became a monk: he studied rigorously in his early period and became an official in Ming Dynasty.In the later period,he lived in seclusion in the mountain forest and settled in a foreign land.After the death of the Ming Dynasty,Guo Duxian often traveled to the north and south of Dongting.The objects of his travels were divided into two parts: Hunan area and other areas.Most of the people that he had close contacts with were still nostalgic for the previous dynasty after the change of dynasty.Guo Duxian’s literary works are numerous,and there are many works recorded in the bibliography.However,due to various reasons,his works are severely perished,and most of his preserved works are mainly poetry.The second chapter mainly analyzes the thought of the adherents of a former dynasty in Guo Duxian’s poetry.Guo Duxian’s thoughts of the adherents are manifested in two aspects: first,as an adherent,Guo Duxian took refuge in Buddhism,cherished his homeland,and positioned himself as "a madman in the Buddhism,but still a fugitive in the ruined country".In the later period of Guo Duxian’s choice of seclusion and roaming around,they both show his change of mentality.The second is the thoughts of the adherents in Guo Duxian’s poems.Guo Duxian’s poetry bears his unique thoughts and feelings as an adherent poet: the martyr’s ambition to recover,the sadness of missing his homeland,and the bitter sorrow of changing the dynasty.The third chapter focuses on the characteristics of Guo Duxian’s poetry.The upheaval in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties made Guo Duxian’s poems possess the distinctive characteristics of Qu Yuan and Du Fu.As for Qu Yuan,Guo Duxian not only identified with and imitated Qu Yuan’s personality,inherited and developed Qu Yuan’s spirit,but also integrated the sentence meaning of The Songs of Chu into his poems and used the allusions of it.His poems are like Qu Yuan’s legacy.As for Du Fu,Guo Duxian not only obeyed Du Fu and his poems in the concept of poetry,but also continued Du Fu’s tradition of "historical poetry" in the specific operation of poem title,preface and content.His poems are comparable to the "historical poetry".The fourth chapter summarizes the aesthetic style of Guo Duxian’s poetry as a whole.Guo Duxian’s poems show different styles with the great changes of his life.In different periods or different moods,his poems also have their own characteristics.Generally speaking,there are two main aesthetic styles in Guo Duxian’s poems: melancholy and vigorous.In a word,in addition to the tragic songs full of blood and tears,Guo Duxian’s poems also chant the scenery of the mountains and rivers and the cultural landscape of Hunan,showing the unique scenery of Hunan to the world.Guo Duxian,as the backbone of Hunan’s adherents in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasty,also influenced the poetry creation of Hunan’s adherents.From a certain level,Guo Duxian’s poetry not only has the distinct significance of the poetics history of Ming and Qing Dynasties and the cultural history of the adherents,but also has the irreplaceable value of regional literature history and local cultural history.