The Pleasure Of Ming Dynasty Adherents And Culture Perspective In The Changing From Ming Dynasty To Qing Dynasty

The basic image of Ming dynasty adherents shaped by traditional studywas serious and grim, gloomy and depressed, cynical and resentful, whichalmost formed a kind of standardized study pattern. While in fact, the world ofMing adherents also had humanistic and vivid side. And any generaldescriptions are hard to completely present the complicated diversities oftheir thoughts and actions. Therefore, this thesis focuses on the joy andpleasure of Ming adherents, and tries to restitute their vivid and diversifiedlifestyle. Furthermore, as a kind of cultural phenomenon and analysis tool,this ’pleasure’ tended to reveal more complicated and furtive mental world ofMing adherents, as well as the humanities style at the moment of Ming-Qingdynasties’ cultural transition. In this way, Ming adherent group and historicaltendency of cultural morphology represented by them can be observed froman aspect.The first chapter shows five kinds of typical examples of ’pleasure’, whichexpresses that the real lives of the adherents were not as miserable asimaged by the readers of Ming adherents records.The second chapter analyses social attitudes of Ming adherents from theperspective of ’pleasure’. The Ming adherents overall can be divided into twotypes: cynical adherents and adaptable adherents. Cynical adherents didhave their pleasure, but deep in their mental world,’pleasure’ were rejectedfeelings. Adaptable adherents rebuilt their usual lives and did not exclude theease and pleasure out of life. While it still needs to be observed morecarefully, that bitterness and calmness were two different feelings ofadaptable adherents. Also because of individual differences in their mindsand motivations, the ideological level of adaptable adherents were various.The third chapter interprets ’pleasure’ in the view of culture and ideology.The ’pleasure’ was developed from the vivacious fashion and customs in lateMing dynasty. As a life option,’pleasure’ signified the adherents’self-confirmation in their identities and cultural tastes. In this sense,’pleasure’also can be seen as Ming adherents’ social and cultural confrontation in disguise. As regards their conscious pursuit of pleasure, even developingabundant expressions and sayings, they were relevant to the affirmation ofnatural human emotion, desire and self-interest at that age in ideologicalfields.The fourth chapter explains the tragic cultural destination of ’pleasure’.With the passing of time and the conversion of political situation, not onlyMing adherents’ lives were dying, but also the humanities style and theircharacter typified by ’pleasure’ were losing inevitably. This is the tragedy of’pleasure’, as well as the tragedy of Ming adherent group, the past dynastyand a kind of cultural morphology.